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In law, a presumption is an "inference of a particular fact". [1] There are two types of presumptions: rebuttable presumptions and irrebuttable (or conclusive) presumptions. [2]: 25 A rebuttable presumption will either shift the burden of production (requiring the disadvantaged party to produce some evidence to the contrary) or the burden of proof (requiring the disadvantaged party to show the ...
These schedules list every single crime defined by state law and prescribe a presumptive dollar value of bail for each one. Judges who wish to depart from the schedule must state specific reasons on the record for doing so. Some states go so far as to require certain forfeitures, bail, and fines for certain crimes. [32]
Abraham George, Chair of the Texas Republican Party (2024–present) [21] David Hann, Chair of the Minnesota Republican Party (2021–present) [22] Pete Hoekstra, Chair of the Michigan Republican Party (2024–present) and U.S. Ambassador to the Netherlands (2018–2021) [23] Bob Hugin, Chair of the New Jersey Republican Party (2021–present) [24]
The sales tax is calculated on the greater of either the actual purchase price or the "standard presumptive value" of the vehicle, as determined by the state, except for certain purchases (mainly purchases from licensed dealers or from auctions). [193]
In addition to the annual presidential straw poll, a poll was also taken on who should be presumptive nominee Trump's vice president. Kristi Noem and Vivek Ramaswamy tied at 15%, followed by Tulsi Gabbard at 9%, and Elise Stefanik and Tim Scott at 8%.
The Permanent University Fund was established by the 1876 Constitution of the State of Texas. [2] Initially, its assets included one-tenth of University of Texas at Austin lands bordering the railroads (UT Austin was granted 1 million acres (4,000 km 2) in West Texas as compensation) as well as 1 million acres (4,000 km 2) additional. [3]
The Guidelines are the product of the United States Sentencing Commission, which was created by the Sentencing Reform Act of 1984. [3] The Guidelines' primary goal was to alleviate sentencing disparities that research had indicated were prevalent in the existing sentencing system, and the guidelines reform was specifically intended to provide for determinate sentencing.
A presentence investigation report (PSIR) is a legal document that presents the findings of an investigation into the "legal and social background" of a person convicted of a crime before sentencing to determine if there are extenuating circumstances which should influence the severity or leniency of a criminal sentence.