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Genkō yōshi (原稿用紙, "manuscript paper") is a type of Japanese paper used for writing. It is printed with squares, typically 200 or 400 per sheet, each square designed to accommodate a single Japanese character or punctuation mark.
The modern Japanese writing system uses a combination of logographic kanji, which are adopted Chinese characters, and syllabic kana.Kana itself consists of a pair of syllabaries: hiragana, used primarily for native or naturalized Japanese words and grammatical elements; and katakana, used primarily for foreign words and names, loanwords, onomatopoeia, scientific names, and sometimes for emphasis.
Conservation of books and paper involves protecting and stabilizing the material in its current state while retaining as much of the original materials as possible. [5] Restoration involves returning a book or manuscript to as close to new condition as possible with the use of more invasive techniques and less retaining of original materials. [5]
Oldest manuscript of the Sarashina Diary, formerly in possession of Emperor Go-Sai: Kamakura period, 13th century One bound book, ink on paper, 16.4 cm × 14.5 cm (6.5 in × 5.7 in) Museum of the Imperial Collections, Tokyo: Illustration of the Three Jewels (三宝絵詞, Sanbō Ekotoba) [132] [133]
Today, arguably the most faithful printed version in Japanese is the 1988 edition compiled by Kōdō Kawamura consisting of the original 75-fascicle version from the single 1547 Ryūmonji manuscript, the 12-fascicle 1446 Yōkōji manuscript, nine uncollected works not originally intended for the Shōbōgenzō, and initial drafts of seven chapters.
Kanbun (漢文 'Han writing') is a system for writing Literary Chinese used in Japan from the Nara period until the 20th century. Much of Japanese literature was written in this style and it was the general writing style for official and intellectual works throughout the period.
Hyphens in the kun'yomi readings separate kanji from their okurigana. The "New" column attempts to reflect the official glyph shapes as closely as possible. This requires using the characters 𠮟, 塡, 剝, 頰 which are outside of Japan's basic character set, JIS X 0208 (one of them is also outside the Unicode BMP).
The Rakuyōshū text comprises 108 folios (chō 丁 "leaf of paper, folio; block") in three parts, succinctly described by Joseph Koshimi Yamagiwa. (1) A 62-folio section consisting of (a) the Rakuyōshū proper, which is a listing of Chinese-Japanese characters (kanji) and compounds arranged in terms of their on pronunciations, that is, the pronunciations borrowed into Japanese from Chinese ...