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In physics, Hooke inferred that gravity obeys an inverse square law and arguably was the first to hypothesise such a relation in planetary motion, [19] [20] a principle Isaac Newton furthered and formalised in Newton's law of universal gravitation. [21]
Robert Hooke published his ideas about the "System of the World" in the 1660s, when he read to the Royal Society on March 21, 1666, a paper "concerning the inflection of a direct motion into a curve by a supervening attractive principle", and he published them again in somewhat developed form in 1674, as an addition to "An Attempt to Prove the Motion of the Earth from Observations". [6]
In 1679, Robert Hooke wrote to Isaac Newton of his hypothesis concerning orbital motion, which partly depends on an inverse-square force. [ 94 ] [ k ] In 1684, both Hooke and Newton told Edmond Halley that they had proven the inverse-square law of planetary motion, in January and August, respectively. [ 96 ]
Robert Hooke speculated in 1671 that gravitation is the result of all bodies emitting waves in all directions through the aether. Other bodies, which interact with these waves, move in the direction of the source of the waves. Hooke saw an analogy to the fact that small objects on a disturbed surface of water move to the center of the ...
Newton would need an accurate measure of this constant to prove his inverse-square law. When Newton presented Book 1 of the unpublished text in April 1686 to the Royal Society, Robert Hooke made a claim that Newton had obtained the inverse square law from him, ultimately a frivolous accusation. [8]: 204
1902 – Paul Gerber explains the movement of the perihelion of Mercury using finite speed of gravity. [31] His formula, at least approximately, matches the later model from Einstein's general relativity, but Gerber's theory was incorrect. 1902 – Henri Poincaré questions the concept of simultaneity in his book, Science and Hypothesis. [32] [33]
A second royal charter was signed on 23 April 1663, with the king noted as the founder and with the name of "the Royal Society of London for the Improvement of Natural Knowledge"; Robert Hooke was appointed as curator of experiments in November. This initial royal favour has continued, and since then every monarch has been the patron of the ...
1660 – Robert Hooke: Hooke's law; 1662 – Robert Boyle: Boyle's law; 1663 – Otto von Guericke: first electrostatic generator; 1676 – Ole Rømer: Rømer's determination of the speed of light traveling from the moons of Jupiter. 1678 – Christiaan Huygens mathematical wave theory of light, published in his Treatise on Light