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The SPAQ is a screening instrument for seasonal affective disorder (SAD), a recurrent major depressive disorder that typically affects its victims during the fall and winter months. It was first developed by American psychiatrist Norman E. Rosenthal and his National Institute of Mental Health colleagues in 1984, and continues to be widely used.
Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) is a mood disorder subset in which people who typically have normal mental health throughout most of the year exhibit depressive symptoms at the same time each year. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is commonly, but not always, associated with the reductions or increases in total daily sunlight hours that occur during the winter ...
A mood disorder, also known as an affective disorder, is any of a group of conditions of mental and behavioral disorder [2] where the main underlying characteristic is a disturbance in the person's mood. [3] The classification is in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) and International Classification of Diseases (ICD).
What are the symptoms of seasonal affective disorder? SAD actually isn’t considered a separate disorder from major depressive disorder—it’s simply a form of depression that’s seasonal.
Bupropion, a norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor, was approved by the FDA [19] for the prevention of seasonal affective disorder. [20] Other types of antidepressant medication used to treat SAD include selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) such as fluoxetine and sertraline , which also appear to be effective. [ 21 ]
Dr. Norman Rosenthal, a light-therapy pioneer from South Africa, shares his insights on the disorder that he discovered in the 1980s. 3 questions about seasonal affective disorder — SAD — for ...
Light therapy is the go-to treatment for seasonal affective disorder. It involves exposing yourself to a light box with at least 10,000 lux for at least 30 minutes.
The Journal of Affective Disorders is a peer-reviewed medical journal covering research on all aspects of affective disorders. It is published by Elsevier and its editors-in-chief are P. Brambilla and J.C. Soares. It was established in 1979 and is the official journal of the International Society for Affective Disorders.