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Some owners do this routinely if they have a dog susceptible to ear infections or if they have a breed with heavy, floppy ears, which can hide early signs of inflammation. Dogs, like all Carnivorans, also possess two anal sacs, or scent glands. These sacs communicate with the surface of the skin by ducts which open on either side of the anus.
Scent hounds, especially the bloodhound, are bred for their keen sense of smell. The dog sense of smell is the most powerful sense of this species, the olfactory system of canines being much more complex and developed than that of humans. [1] It is believed to be up to 10 million times as sensitive as a human's in specialized breeds.
A Rhodesian Ridgeback (sex unknown) with "stud tail": the violet gland lost hair and appears as a dark dimple. The violet gland or supracaudal gland is a gland located on the upper surface of the tail of certain mammals, including European badgers and canids such as foxes, wolves, [1] and the domestic dog, [2] as well as the domestic cat. [3]
The glomerulus process in dogs is divided in 3 parts: signal acquisition, signal transduction, and signal processing. Some dogs have as many as 100 times more ORNs than humans do, producing a correspondingly sharpened ability to detect and discriminate among millions of odors. [ 11 ]
A dogs acuity to a scent group is so refined they are able to discriminate humans by odour [7] and can even match certain scents to specific body parts of an individual. [8] Scent discrimination is most proficient while a human odour is fresh and becomes more difficult once an odour starts to fade. [6]
The fossa has several scent glands. Like herpestids it has a perianal skin gland inside an anal sac which surrounds the anus like a pocket. The pocket opens to the exterior with a horizontal slit below the tail. Other glands are located near the penis or vagina, with the penile glands emitting a strong odor. Like the herpestids, it has no ...
Pheromone-containing secretions from the preorbital gland may serve to establish an animal's dominance (especially in preparation for breeding), [4] mark its territory, or simply to produce a pleasurable sensation to the animal. [5] Because of its critical role in scent marking, the preorbital gland is usually considered as a type of scent gland.
Dogs, which are reputed to have good sense of smell, [43] do not have the largest number of functional OR genes. [41] Additionally, pseudogenes may be functional; 67% of human OR pseudogenes are expressed in the main olfactory epithelium, where they possibly have regulatory roles in gene expression. [ 44 ]