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For example, a building consists of an infinite number of points in space; a vector polygon represents it with a few ordered points, which are connected into a closed outline by straight lines and assuming all interior points are part of the building; furthermore, a "height" attribute may be the only representation of its three-dimensional volume.
ArcGIS Desktop Basic, formerly known as ArcView, [79] is the entry level of ArcGIS licensing. With ArcView, one is able to view and edit GIS data held in flat files, or view data stored in a relational database management system by accessing it through ArcSDE. One can also create layered maps and perform basic spatial analysis.
The major difference from a photograph is that the grid is registered to geographic space rather than a field of view. The resolution of the raster data set is its cell width in ground units. Because a grid is a sample of a continuous space, raster data is most commonly used to represent geographic fields , in which a property varies ...
The early 20th century saw the development of photozincography, which allowed maps to be split into layers, for example one layer for vegetation and another for water. This was particularly used for printing contours – drawing these was a labour-intensive task but having them on a separate layer meant they could be worked on without the other ...
In the same aspect, Google, one of the pioneers in web-based GIS, has developed its own language, which also uses an XML structure. Keyhole Markup Language (KML) is a file format used to display geographic data in an earth browser, such as Google Earth, Google Maps, and Google Maps for mobile browsers "Google KML definition" .
The ARC Macro Language (AML) is a proprietary high-level algorithmic language for generating applications in ArcInfo.It was designed by ESRI in 1986 specifically for their command line-driven ARC/INFO geographical information system.
The main file (.shp) contains the geometry data. Geometry of a given feature is stored as a set of vector coordinates. [1]: 5 The binary file consists of a single fixed-length header followed by one or more variable-length records. Each of the variable-length records includes a record-header component and a record-contents component.
ArcGIS includes Internet capabilities in all Esri software products. The services, provided through ArcGIS Online at www.arcgis.com, include web APIs, hosted map and geoprocessing services, and a user sharing program. A variety of basemaps is a signature feature of ArcGIS Online.