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Topographic map of parts of the Near East. The Near East (Arabic: الشرق الأدنى) is a transcontinental region around the Eastern Mediterranean broadly synonymous with the modern Middle East, encompassing the historical Fertile Crescent, the Levant, Anatolia, Egypt, Mesopotamia, the Iranian Plateau, and coastal areas of the Arabian Peninsula. [1]
See List of extinct countries, empires, etc. and Former countries in Europe after 1815 for articles about countries that are no longer in existence. See List of countries for other articles and lists on countries. Wikimedia Commons includes the Wikimedia Atlas of the World. Entries available in the atlas. General pages
Map of the Middle East between North Africa, Southern Europe, Central Asia, and Southern Asia Middle East map of Köppen climate classification. The Middle East (term originally coined in English language) [note 1] is a geopolitical region encompassing the Arabian Peninsula, the Levant, Turkey, Egypt, Iran, and Iraq.
The term Levant appears in English in 1497, and originally meant 'the East' or 'Mediterranean lands east of Italy'. [23] It is borrowed from the French levant 'rising', referring to the rising of the sun in the east, [23] or the point where the sun rises. [24] The phrase is ultimately from the Latin word levare, meaning 'lift, raise'.
West Asia (also called Western Asia or Southwest Asia) is the westernmost region of Asia. As defined by most academics, UN bodies and other institutions, the subregion consists of Anatolia , the Arabian Peninsula , Iran , Mesopotamia , the Armenian highlands , the Levant , the island of Cyprus , the Sinai Peninsula and the South Caucasus .
Geographically, the country of Iran is located in West Asia and the bodies of water the nation borders are the Caspian Sea, Persian Gulf (Arabian Gulf), and Gulf of Oman. Topographically, it is predominantly located on the Iranian/Persian plateau , Its mountains have impacted both the political and the economic history of the country for ...
Iran, [a] [b] officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI) [c] and also known as Persia, [d] is a country in West Asia.It borders Turkey to the northwest and Iraq to the west, Azerbaijan, Armenia, the Caspian Sea, and Turkmenistan to the north, Afghanistan to the east, Pakistan to the southeast, the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf to the south.
The South Caucasus spans the southern portion of the Caucasus Mountains and their lowlands, straddling the border between the continents of Europe and Asia, and extending southwards from the southern part of the Main Caucasian Range of southwestern Russia to the Turkish and Armenian borders, and from the Black Sea in the west to the Caspian Sea coast of Iran in the east.