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CPR consists of chest compressions followed by rescue breaths - for single rescuer do 30 compressions and 2 breaths (30:2), for > 2 rescuers do 15 compressions and 2 breaths (15:2). The rate of chest compressions should be 100-120 compressions/min and depth should be 1.5 inches for infants and 2 inches for children. [citation needed]
More data is needed to understand outcomes for more severe patients. Outcomes after resuscitation for neonates vary widely based on many factors. One study in Norway analyzed 15 peer-reviewed published articles and found that high-income countries have a mortality rate as high as 10% while low-income countries have a mortality rate as high as ...
As an exception for the normal compression-to-ventilation ratio of 30:2, if at least two trained rescuers are present and the victim is a child, the preferred ratio is 15:2. [ 30 ] : 8 Equally, in newborns, the ratio is 30:2 if one rescuer is present, and 15:2 if two rescuers are present (according to the AHA 2015 Guidelines). [ 5 ] :
The LUCAS device delivers high-quality compressions at a continuous rate, while up to a third of manual compressions can be incorrect. [9] In 2013, a 68-year-old male made a complete recovery, including no intellectual or neurological deficits, after an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest after 59 minutes of mechanical compressions on a LUCAS device.
The compression depth and force varies per patient. The chest displacement equals a 20% reduction in the anterior-posterior chest depth. The physiological duty cycle is 50%, and it runs in a 30:2, 15:2 or continuous compression mode, which is user-selectable, at a rate of 80 compressions-per-minute.
The Broselow Tape is designed for children up to approximately 12 years of age who have a maximum weight of roughly 36 kg (79 lb). The Broselow Tape is recognized in most medical textbooks and publications as a standard for the emergency treatment of children. [2]
After defibrillation, chest compressions should be continued for two minutes before another rhythm check. [30] This is based on a compression rate of 100-120 compressions per minute, a compression depth of 5–6 centimeters into the chest, full chest recoil, and a ventilation rate of 10 breath ventilations per minute. [30]
The WHO Model List of Essential Medicines for Children (aka Essential Medicines List for Children [1] or EMLc [1]), published by the World Health Organization (WHO), contains the medications considered to be most effective and safe in children up to twelve years of age to meet the most important needs in a health system. [2] [3]