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Marx viewed the colonization of the Americas, the African slave trade, and the events surrounding the First Opium War and Second Opium War as important instances of primitive accumulation. [6]: 14 In The German Ideology and in volume 3 of Capital, Marx discusses how primitive accumulation alienates humans from nature. [6]: 14
The 'new' imperialism: accumulation by dispossession. Socialist Register 40: 63-87. David Harvey, Reading Marx's Capital; Reading Marx’s Capital – Class 12, Chapters 26-33, The Secret of Primitive Accumulation (video lecture)
This is the special focus of the final part, which argues that capitalism initially develops not through the future capitalist class being more frugal and hard-working than the future working class (a process called primitive/previous/original accumulation by the pro-capitalist classical political economists, like Adam Smith), but through the ...
Marx and Engels also noted how capitalist accumulation latched itself onto social organizations of primitive communism. [12] For instance, in private correspondence the same year that The Origin of the Family was published, Engels attacked European colonialism , describing the Dutch regime in Java directly organizing agricultural production and ...
A number of Marxian economists have argued that the inclosure acts in England, and similar legislation elsewhere, were an integral part of capitalist primitive accumulation and that specific legal frameworks of private land ownership have been integral to the development of capitalism. [4] [5]
Early capitalism (primitive accumulation) / colonialism / imperialism (Hobson, Lenin, Bukharin) Extensive stage / intensive stage / late capitalism ( Aglietta ) The Marxist periodization of capitalism into the stages: [ 1 ] agricultural capitalism, merchant capitalism , industrial capitalism and state capitalism .
In Marx's critique of political economy, capital accumulation is the operation whereby profits are reinvested into the economy, increasing the total quantity of capital. Capital was understood by Marx to be expanding value, that is, in other terms, as a sum of capital, usually expressed in money , that is transformed through human labor into a ...
In Das Kapital (1867), Marx proposes that the motivating force of capitalism is in the exploitation of labor, whose unpaid work is the ultimate source of surplus value.The owner of the means of production is able to claim the right to this surplus value because they are legally protected by the ruling regime through property rights and the legally established distribution of shares which are ...