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Due to continental drift, the India Plate split from Madagascar and collided with the Eurasian Plate resulting in the formation of the Himalayas.. The earliest phase of tectonic evolution was marked by the cooling and solidification of the upper crust of the earth's surface in the Archaean Era (prior to 2.5 billion years) which is represented by the exposure of gneisses and granites especially ...
The Indian plate (or India plate) is a minor tectonic plate straddling the equator in the Eastern Hemisphere. Originally a part of the ancient continent of Gondwana , the Indian plate broke away from the other fragments of Gondwana 100 million years ago and began moving north, carrying Insular India with it. [ 2 ]
Knowledge of the kinematics of the Himalayan fault system is not as ideal as it has long been debated. To help understand the structural position the Main Central Thrust and role it played in the tectonic evolution of Himalaya, there are three general kinematic models: extrusion model, [11] channel flow model, [12] tectonic wedging model.
Fig 4: The northward drift of India from 71 Ma ago to present time. Note the simultaneous counter-clockwise rotation of India. Collision of the Indian continent with Eurasia occurred at about 55 million years ago. Source: www.usgs.org (modified) Fig 5: Geologic - Tectonic map of the Himalaya, modified after Le Fort & Cronin (1988).
The paleogeography of the India–Asia collision system is the reconstructed geological and geomorphological evolution within the collision zone of the Himalayan orogenic belt. The continental collision between the Indian Plate and Eurasian Plate is one of the world's most renowned and most studied convergent systems .
The epilogue of the tectonic evolution was marked by granitic and rhyolitic magmatic events, namely the emplacement of the Erinpura granite and the Malani Volcanics on the western side of Aravalli-Delhi orogenic belt. [4] This event is ranked third among the largest igneous province in the globe, with a total area of about 52,000 km 2 in India. [9]
Insular India was an isolated landmass which became the Indian subcontinent.Across the latter stages of the Cretaceous and most of the Paleocene, following the breakup of Gondwana, the Indian subcontinent remained an isolated landmass as the Indian Plate drifted across the Tethys Ocean, forming the Indian Ocean.
Tectonic events are typically recorded in sediments being deposited at the same time. In the case of a rift , for instance, the sedimentary sequence is normally broken down into three parts: [ 2 ] The pre-rift includes a sequence deposited before the onset of rifting, recognised by the lack of thickness and sedimentary facies changes across the ...