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In atmospheric science, several different expressions for the Richardson number are commonly used: the flux Richardson number (which is fundamental), the gradient Richardson number, and the bulk Richardson number. The flux Richardson number is the ratio of buoyant production (or suppression) of turbulence kinetic energy to the production of ...
The Bulk Richardson Number (BRN) is an approximation of the Gradient Richardson number. [1] The BRN is a dimensionless ratio in meteorology related to the consumption of turbulence divided by the shear production (the generation of turbulence kinetic energy caused by wind shear) of turbulence.
Dimensionless numbers (or characteristic numbers) have an important role in analyzing the behavior of fluids and their flow as well as in other transport phenomena. [1] They include the Reynolds and the Mach numbers, which describe as ratios the relative magnitude of fluid and physical system characteristics, such as density, viscosity, speed of sound, and flow speed.
SST (Menter's shear stress transport) turbulence model [11] is a widely used and robust two-equation eddy-viscosity turbulence model used in computational fluid dynamics. The model combines the k-omega turbulence model and K-epsilon turbulence model such that the k-omega is used in the inner region of the boundary layer and switches to the k ...
The Bulk Richardson Number (BRN) is a dimensionless number relating vertical stability and vertical wind shear (generally, stability divided by shear). It represents the ratio of thermally-produced turbulence and turbulence generated by vertical shear. Practically, its value determines whether convection is free or forced.
For the Reynolds numbers encountered in most industrial applications, the computational resources required by a DNS would exceed the capacity of the most powerful computers currently available. However, direct numerical simulation is a useful tool in fundamental research in turbulence.
Boeing has been mired in crisis all year. The year began with a mid-air panel blowout on a new 737 MAX jet that exposed safety and quality problems; in March, then CEO Dave Calhoun decided to step ...
The turbulent Schmidt number is commonly used in turbulence research and is defined as: [3] = where: is the eddy viscosity in units of (m 2 /s); is the eddy diffusivity (m 2 /s).; The turbulent Schmidt number describes the ratio between the rates of turbulent transport of momentum and the turbulent transport of mass (or any passive scalar).