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However, SO 3 added to concentrated sulfuric acid readily dissolves, forming oleum which can then be diluted with water to produce additional concentrated sulfuric acid. [4] Typically, above concentrations of 98.3%, sulfuric acid will undergo a spontaneous decomposition into sulfur trioxide and water H 2 SO 4 ⇌ SO 3 + H 2 O
Sulfuric acid is a colorless oily liquid, and has a vapor pressure of <0.001 mmHg at 25 °C and 1 mmHg at 145.8 °C, [16] and 98% sulfuric acid has a vapor pressure of <1 mmHg at 40 °C. [ 17 ] In the solid state, sulfuric acid is a molecular solid that forms monoclinic crystals with nearly trigonal lattice parameters.
A typical mixture is 3 parts of concentrated sulfuric acid and 1 part of 30 wt. % hydrogen peroxide solution; [1] other protocols may use a 4:1 or even 7:1 mixture. A closely related mixture, sometimes called "base piranha", is a 5:1:1 mixture of water, ammonia solution ( NH 4 OH , or NH 3 (aq) ), and 30% hydrogen peroxide.
A sulfonic acid can be thought of as sulfuric acid with one hydroxyl group replaced by an organic substituent. The parent compound (with the organic substituent replaced by hydrogen) is the parent sulfonic acid, HS(=O) 2 (OH), a tautomer of sulfurous acid, S(=O)(OH) 2. [a] Salts or esters of sulfonic acids are called sulfonates.
Peroxymonosulfuric acid, also known as persulfuric acid, peroxysulfuric acid is the inorganic compound with the formula H 2 SO 5. It is a white solid. It is a component of Caro's acid, which is a solution of peroxymonosulfuric acid in sulfuric acid containing small amounts of water. [4] Peroxymonosulfuric acid is a very strong oxidant (E 0 = +2 ...
An oxidizing acid is a Brønsted acid that is a strong oxidizing agent. Most Brønsted acids can act as oxidizing agents, because [dubious – discuss] the acidic proton can be reduced to hydrogen gas. Some acids contain other structures that act as stronger oxidizing agents than hydrogen ions. Generally, they contain oxygen in their anionic ...
Silver sulfate precipitates as a solid when an aqueous solution of silver nitrate is treated with sulfuric acid: 2 AgNO 3 + H 2 SO 4 → Ag 2 SO 4 + 2 HNO 3. It is purified by recrystallization from concentrated sulfuric acid, a step that expels traces of nitrate. [7] Silver sulfate and anhydrous sodium sulfate adopt the same structure. [8]
Diiodine oxide can be prepared by reacting iodine with potassium iodate (KIO 3) in 96% sulfuric acid and then extracting it into chlorinated solvents. [2] Reactions