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Vitamin B 3, colloquially referred to as niacin, is a vitamin family that includes three forms, or vitamers: nicotinic acid (niacin), nicotinamide (niacinamide), and nicotinamide riboside. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] All three forms of vitamin B 3 are converted within the body to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD).
Nicotinamide (INN, BAN UK [2]) or niacinamide (USAN US) is a form of vitamin B 3 found in food and used as a dietary supplement and medication. [3] [4] [5] As a supplement, it is used orally (swallowed by mouth) to prevent and treat pellagra (niacin deficiency). [4]
A man with pellagra, which is caused by a chronic lack of vitamin B 3 in the diet. Severe deficiency of niacin in the diet causes the disease pellagra, characterized by diarrhea, sun-sensitive dermatitis involving hyperpigmentation and thickening of the skin (see image), inflammation of the mouth and tongue, delirium, dementia, and if left untreated, death. [7]
NAD is commonly called by other names, including NAD+ or NADH. ... (NR) and nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), which are both forms of vitamin B3 (niacin) and act as precursors to NAD+, the ...
What is niacin (vitamin B3)? Niacin, ... “There is a so-called niacin paradox stemming from past use of niacin as a therapeutic agent to treat [high cholesterol],” Dr. Hazen says. “The ...
Dietary supplements containing all eight are referred to as a vitamin B complex. Individual B vitamins are referred to by B-number or by chemical name, such as B 1 for thiamine , B 2 for riboflavin , and B 3 for niacin , [ 1 ] [ 2 ] while some are more commonly recognized by name than by number, such as pantothenic acid (B 5 ), biotin (B 7 ...
Vitamin B3 is an important vitamin for metabolic function. It’s linked to a reduced risk of certain types of cardiovascular disease thanks to its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects.
Nicotinamide riboside (NR) is now known to be an NAD+ precursor, involved in the biosynthetic pathways that convert B3 vitamins into NAD+. NAD+ is primarily synthesized in mammals de novo from tryptophan, through the Priess-Handler pathway from nicotinic acid (NA) or via a salvage pathway from nicotinamide (NAM).
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