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Packet Tracer is commonly used by NetAcad students, since it is available to download after creating a free account. [10] However, due to functional limitations, it is intended by Cisco to be used only as a learning aid, not a replacement for Cisco routers and switches . [ 9 ]
Scapy is a packet manipulation tool for computer networks, [3] [4] originally written in Python by Philippe Biondi. It can forge or decode packets, send them on the wire, capture them, and match requests and replies. It can also handle tasks like scanning, tracerouting, probing, unit tests, attacks, and network discovery.
Packet capture is the process of intercepting and logging traffic. As data streams flow across the network, the analyzer captures each packet and, if needed, decodes the packet's raw data, showing the values of various fields in the packet, and analyzes its content according to the appropriate RFC or other specifications.
These appear in two places: at the beginning of every encoded packet, and after every group of 254 non-zero bytes. A blue zero byte appears at the end of every packet to indicate end-of-packet to the data receiver. This packet delimiter byte is not part of COBS proper; it is an additional framing byte that is appended to the encoded output.
This is a list of the IP protocol numbers found in the field Protocol of the IPv4 header and the Next Header field of the IPv6 header. It is an identifier for the encapsulated protocol and determines the layout of the data that immediately follows the header. Both fields are eight bits wide.
By far the most popular FCS algorithm is a cyclic redundancy check (CRC), used in Ethernet and other IEEE 802 protocols with 32 bits, in X.25 with 16 or 32 bits, in HDLC with 16 or 32 bits, in Frame Relay with 16 bits, [3] in Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) with 16 or 32 bits, and in other data link layer protocols.
EtherType is a two-octet field in an Ethernet frame. It is used to indicate which protocol is encapsulated in the payload of the frame and is used at the receiving end by the data link layer to determine how the payload is processed. The same field is also used to indicate the size of some Ethernet frames.
The loss of packet flow samples results in a slight reduction of the effective sampling rate. The UDP payload contains the sFlow datagram . Each datagram provides information about the sFlow version, the originating device’s IP address , a sequence number, the number of samples it contains and one or more flow and/or counter samples.