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Poliomyelitis (/ ˌ p oʊ l i oʊ ˌ m aɪ ə ˈ l aɪ t ɪ s / POH-lee-oh-MY-ə-LY-tiss), commonly shortened to polio, is an infectious disease caused by the poliovirus. [1] Approximately 75% of cases are asymptomatic; [5] mild symptoms which can occur include sore throat and fever; in a proportion of cases more severe symptoms develop such as headache, neck stiffness, and paresthesia.
Type 3 (WPV3) is last known to have caused polio in 2012, and was declared eradicated in 2019. [59] All wild-virus cases since that date have been due to type 1 (WPV1). [60] As of August 2024, Afghanistan and Pakistan are the only two countries where the disease is still classified as endemic.
Main causes of fecal–oral disease transmission include lack of adequate sanitation (leading to open defecation), and poor hygiene practices. If soil or water bodies are polluted with fecal material, humans can be infected with waterborne diseases or soil-transmitted diseases. Fecal contamination of food is another form of fecal-oral transmission.
Poliomyelitis, or polio, is a distinctly contagious illness caused by a virus called poliovirus. The virus targets the nervous system, which is why it sometimes triggers spinal and respiratory ...
A child receives oral polio vaccine during a 2002 campaign to immunize children in India. Poliovirus. Polio eradication, the goal of permanent global cessation of circulation of the poliovirus and hence elimination of the poliomyelitis (polio) it causes, is the aim of a multinational public health effort begun in 1988, led by the World Health Organization (WHO), the United Nations Children's ...
This is a list of diseases known (or declared) to have been eliminated from the United States, either permanently or at one time. (" Elimination " is the preferred term for "regional eradication" of a disease; the term " eradication " is reserved for the reduction of an infectious disease's global prevalence to zero.)
“The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives and held out the promise of eradicating a terrible disease. Efforts to undermine public confidence in proven cures are not just uninformed – they ...
The polio virus has been found in New York City’s wastewater in another sign that the disease, which hadn’t been seen in the U.S. in a decade, is quietly spreading among unvaccinated people ...