Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Another example of a curve with infinite length is the graph of the function defined by f(x) = x sin(1/x) for any open set with 0 as one of its delimiters and f(0) = 0. Sometimes the Hausdorff dimension and Hausdorff measure are used to quantify the size of such curves.
The arc length (length of a line segment) defined by a polar function is found by the integration over the curve r(φ). Let L denote this length along the curve starting from points A through to point B, where these points correspond to φ = a and φ = b such that 0 < b − a < 2π.
The convex hull of every bounded rectifiable closed curve C has perimeter at most the length of C, with equality only when C is already a convex curve. Cauchy's surface area formula: Given any convex compact subset , let [| |] be the expected shadow area of (that is, is the orthogonal projection to a random hyperplane of ), then by integrating ...
For a parametric curve this is an easy task: One just computes the points of a sequence of parametric values. For an implicit curve one has to solve two subproblems: determination of a first curve point to a given starting point in the vicinity of the curve, determination of a curve point starting from a known curve point.
Theorem 2. If there are no cycles of length 3, then e ≤ 2v – 4. Theorem 3. f ≤ 2v – 4. In this sense, planar graphs are sparse graphs, in that they have only O(v) edges, asymptotically smaller than the maximum O(v 2). The graph K 3,3, for example, has 6 vertices, 9 edges, and no cycles of length 3. Therefore, by Theorem 2, it cannot be ...
The distance from (x 0, y 0) to this line is measured along a vertical line segment of length |y 0 - (-c/b)| = |by 0 + c| / |b| in accordance with the formula. Similarly, for vertical lines ( b = 0) the distance between the same point and the line is | ax 0 + c | / | a |, as measured along a horizontal line segment.
A locally shortest path between two given points in a curved space, assumed [a] to be a Riemannian manifold, can be defined by using the equation for the length of a curve (a function f from an open interval of R to the space), and then minimizing this length between the points using the calculus of variations.
A metric space defined over a set of points in terms of distances in a graph defined over the set is called a graph metric. The vertex set (of an undirected graph) and the distance function form a metric space, if and only if the graph is connected. The eccentricity ϵ(v) of a vertex v is the greatest distance between v and any other vertex; in ...