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Because of the health risks of exposing children to radiation, ultrasound is the preferred first choice with CT scan being a legitimate follow-up if the ultrasound is inconclusive. [55] [56] [57] CT scan is more accurate than ultrasound for the diagnosis of appendicitis in adults and adolescents. CT scan has a sensitivity of 94%, specificity of 95%
Appendicitis is the most common cause of abdominal pain that results in surgery in the United States, with about 5-9% of Americans having the condition at some point in their life, according to ...
A computed tomography scan (CT scan), formerly called computed axial tomography scan (CAT scan), ... (especially for the diagnosis of appendicitis). [148] ...
Ultrasound scans show "an oval, non-compressible hyperechoic mass with a subtle hypoechoic rim directly under the site of maximum tenderness". [4] Normally, epiploic appendages cannot be seen on CT scan. [4] After cross-sectional imaging and the increased use of abdominal CT for evaluating lower abdominal pain, EA is increasingly diagnosed.
It is also called appendicolith when it occurs in the appendix and is sometimes concurrent with appendicitis. [1] They can also obstruct diverticula. It can form secondary to fecal impaction. A fecaloma is a more severe form of fecal impaction, and a hardened fecaloma may be considered a giant fecalith. The term is from the Greek líthos=stone. [2]
Historically, omental infarction was diagnosed only intraoperatively during surgery for presumed appendicitis or other causes of acute abdomen. But with the increase in the use of imaging, especially abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan in the work-up for acute abdomen, more cases of omental infarction are being diagnosed preoperatively.
Ultrasound, CT-scan or MRI may be used to locate the abscess and assess its dimensions. [1] Treatment is with antibiotics and drainage of the abscess; typically guided by ultrasound or CT. [3] Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is a minimally invasive alternative method. [3]
MRI scan is less readily available than CT scan or ultrasound in hospitals to diagnose IAIs. However, it has been proposed to be used in those who are pregnant and have inconclusive findings on ultrasound. The sensitivity and specificity of MRI in diagnosing acute appendicitis are 94% and 96% respectively. [2]