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In 1999 Hotmail included an X-Originating-IP email header field that shows the IP address of the sender. [1] [2] As of December 2012, Hotmail removed this header field, replacing it with X-EIP (meaning encoded IP) with the stated goal of protecting users' privacy. [3]
However, there are many similar email header fields that all contain sending party information; therefore Sender ID defines in RFC 4407 [4] a Purported Responsible Address (PRA) as well as a set of heuristic rules to establish this address from the many typical headers in an email. Syntactically, Sender ID is almost identical to SPF except that ...
bounce address - When an email can not be delivered, the MTA will create a bounce message and send it to the address given by the MAIL FROM command. Used in RFC 4406. return path - When the email is put in the recipient's email box, a new mail header is created with the name "Return-Path:" containing the address on the MAIL FROM command.
The recipient is informed that the sender is replying to a previous email in which they were given a task. QUE, meaning Question. The recipient is informed that the sender wants an answer to this e-mail. RB, meaning Reply By. Used with a time indicator to inform the recipient that the sender needs a reply within a certain deadline, e.g. RB+7 ...
Email spoofing occurs when the email message header is designed to make the message appear to come from a known or trusted source. Email spam and phishing methods typically use spoofing to mislead the recipient about the true message origin. Email spoofing may be done as a prank, or as part of a criminal effort to defraud an individual or ...
To use Unicode in certain email header fields, e.g. subject lines, sender and recipient names, the Unicode text has to be encoded using a MIME "Encoded-Word" with a Unicode encoding as the charset. To use Unicode in the domain part of email addresses, IDNA encoding must traditionally be used.
The Sender: header is available to indicate that an email was sent on behalf of another party, but DMARC only checks policy for the From domain and ignores the Sender domain. [ note 2 ] Both ADSP and DMARC [ 4 ] reject using the Sender field on the non-technical basis that many user agents do not display this to the recipient.
Sender Policy Framework (SPF) is an email authentication method which ensures the sending mail server is authorized to originate mail from the email sender's domain. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] This authentication only applies to the email sender listed in the "envelope from" field during the initial SMTP connection.