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Life cycle energy analysis (LCEA) is an approach in which all energy inputs to a product are accounted for, not only direct energy inputs during manufacture, but also all energy inputs needed to produce components, materials and services needed for the manufacturing process. [111] With LCEA, the total life cycle energy input is established. [112]
The term differs slightly from Total cost of ownership analysis (TCOA). LCCA determines the most cost-effective option to purchase, run, sustain or dispose of an object or process, and TCOA is used by managers or buyers to analyze and determine the direct and indirect cost of an item. [1] The term is used in the study of Industrial ecology (IE ...
Cost–benefit analysis (CBA) is a systematic approach to estimating the strengths and weaknesses of alternatives (for example in transactions, activities, functional business requirements); it is used to determine options that provide the best approach to achieve benefits while preserving savings. [1]
As service life cannot be estimated precisely, the objective requires the making of an appropriately reliable estimate of the service life of the building using available knowledge relating to the service life of each material, component, assembly, and system that is to be used in the building. If the estimated service life of any of these is ...
The concept of life cycle analysis evolved since the concept was initially considered in the 1970s and 1980s, [3] when life cycle studies focused on the quantifying the energy and raw resources used by a building, and the load on the sewerage and sanitation systems imposed by waste generated in the building, during the operational life of the structure.
Whole-life cost is the total cost of ownership over the life of an asset. [1] [clarification needed] The concept is also known as life-cycle cost (LCC) or lifetime cost, [2] and is commonly referred to as "cradle to grave" or "womb to tomb" costs. Costs considered include the financial cost which is relatively simple to calculate and also the ...
Life-cycle assessment (LCA or life cycle analysis) is a technique used to assess potential environmental impacts of a product at different stages of its life. This technique takes a "cradle-to-grave" or a "cradle-to-cradle" approach and looks at environmental impacts that occur throughout the lifetime of a product from raw material extraction, manufacturing and processing, distribution, use ...
A TCO analysis includes total cost of acquisition and operating costs, as well as costs related to replacement or upgrades at the end of the life cycle. A TCO analysis is used to gauge the viability of any capital investment. An enterprise may use it as a product/process comparison tool. It is also used by credit markets and financing agencies.