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  2. Spinal disc herniation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulging_disc

    A small-sample study examining the cervical spine in symptom-free volunteers found focal disc protrusions in 50% of participants, suggesting that a considerable part of the population might have focal herniated discs in their cervical region that do not cause noticeable symptoms. [4] [5] A herniated disc in the lumbar spine may cause radiating ...

  3. Radiculopathy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiculopathy

    Signs and Symptoms Radiculopathy is a diagnosis commonly made by physicians in primary care specialties, orthopedics , physiatry , and neurology . The diagnosis may be suggested by symptoms of pain, numbness , paresthesia , and weakness in a pattern consistent with the distribution of a particular nerve root , such as sciatica .

  4. Degenerative disc disease - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Degenerative_disc_disease

    Degenerative disc disease; Other names: Degenerative disc disorder, intervertebral disc degeneration: Degenerated disc between C5 and C6 (vertebra at the top of the picture is C2), with osteophytes anteriorly (to the left) on the lower portion of the C5 and upper portion of the C6 vertebral body. Specialty: Orthopedics: Risk factors: Connective ...

  5. Spondylosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spondylosis

    This is because some patients may not have any symptoms at all even when there is severe cervical spine spondylosis. [2] Spondylosis is caused from years of constant abnormal pressure, caused by joint subluxation, stress induced by sports, acute and/or repetitive trauma, or poor posture, being placed on the vertebrae and the discs between them ...

  6. Disc protrusion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disc_protrusion

    These may be unrelated to any symptoms and are just bulges of the anulus fibrosus. Jensen and colleagues, in an MRI study of the lumbar spine in 98 asymptomatic adults, found that in more than half, there was a symmetrical extension of a disc (or discs) beyond the margins of the interspace (bulging). In 27 percent, there was a focal or ...

  7. Spinal cord injury - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_cord_injury

    C1–C6: Neck flexors: C1–T1: Neck extensors: C3, C4, C5: Supply diaphragm (mostly C4) C5, C6: Move shoulder, raise arm ; flex elbow C6: externally rotate the arm C6, C7: Extend elbow and wrist (triceps and wrist extensors); pronate wrist C7, T1: Flex wrist; supply small muscles of the hand: T1–T6: Intercostals and trunk above the waist: T7 ...

  8. Lhermitte's sign - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lhermitte's_sign

    Although often considered a classic finding in multiple sclerosis, it can be caused by a number of conditions, including transverse myelitis, Behçet disease, [4] osteogenesis imperfecta, [5] trauma, radiation myelopathy, [6] vitamin B12 deficiency (subacute combined degeneration), compression of the spinal cord in the neck from any cause such ...

  9. Cervical spine disorder - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cervical_spine_disorder

    The elderly Because of such symptoms, people often mistake cervical spine disorder indicators for coronary artery disease, and although individuals of any age can develop spine threatening injuries, the people that are affected by it the most are the elderly. This is because as one ages spinal discs that absorb any type of shock wear out ...