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The guilder (Dutch: gulden, pronounced [ˈɣʏldə(n)] ⓘ) or florin was the currency of the Netherlands from 1434 until 2002, when it was replaced by the euro.. The Dutch name gulden was a Middle Dutch adjective meaning 'golden', [1] and reflects the fact that, when first introduced in 1434, its value was about equal to (i.e., it was on par with) the Italian gold florin.
All de facto present currencies in Europe, and an incomplete list of the preceding currency, are listed here. In Europe, the most commonly used currency is the euro (used by 26 countries); any country entering the European Union (EU) is expected to join the eurozone [ 1 ] when they meet the five convergence criteria. [ 2 ]
US Dollar (37) Euro (28) Composite (8) Other (9) No separate legal tender (16) Ecuador El Salvador Marshall Islands Micronesia Palau Panama Timor-Leste Andorra Monaco San Marino Vatican City Kosovo Montenegro Kiribati Nauru Tuvalu; Currency board (11) Djibouti Hong Kong ; ECCU Antigua and Barbuda Dominica
Fixed currency Anchor currency ... Euro: 491.96775 Cook Islands dollar: ... Netherlands Antillean guilder: U.S. dollar: 1.79 Niue dollar:
The Dutch guilder first emerged as the currency of the Burgundian Netherlands after the monetary reforms of 1435, under Philip the Good. [2]: 20 [3] It remained the national currency of the Netherlands until it was replaced by the euro, on 1 January 2002.
Since its introduction in 1999, the euro has been the second most widely held international reserve currency after the U.S. dollar. The share of the euro as a reserve currency increased from 18% in 1999 to 27% in 2008. Over this period, the share held in U.S. dollar fell from 71% to 64% and that held in RMB fell from 6.4% to 3.3%.
The final date for exchange to Euros for each banknote is shown in square brackets/italics. [1] A note showing [N/A] means it is no longer exchangeable for Euros; De Nederlandsche Bank generally exchanges banknotes for 30 years following their withdrawal from circulation.
The name "Netherlands Antilles" (Nederlandse Antillen) was introduced in 1952. In 1940, following the German occupation of the Netherlands, the link to the Dutch currency was broken, with a peg to the U.S. dollar of 1.88585 guilders = 1 dollar established. The peg was adjusted to 1.79 guilders = 1 dollar in 1971.