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They went from being a mostly rural population to one that was mostly urban. "The migration of African Americans from the rural south to the urban north became a mass movement." [16] The Great Migration radically transformed Chicago, both politically and culturally. [17] From 1910 to 1940, most African Americans who migrated north were from ...
The American Negro Exposition, also known as the Black World's Fair and the Diamond Jubilee Exposition, was a world's fair held in Chicago from July until September in 1940, to celebrate the 75th anniversary (also known as a diamond jubilee) of the end of slavery in the United States at the conclusion of the Civil War in 1865.
Illinois' first African American newspaper was the Cairo Weekly Gazette, established in 1862. [1] The first in Chicago was The Chicago Conservator , established in 1878. An estimated 190 Black newspapers had been founded in Illinois by 1975, [ 2 ] and more have continued to be established in the decades since.
First and Second Great Migrations shown through changes in African American share of population in major U.S. cities, 1916–1930 and 1940–1970 In the context of the 20th-century history of the United States , the Second Great Migration was the migration of more than 5 million African Americans from the South to the Northeast , Midwest and West .
Pages in category "African-American history in Chicago" The following 85 pages are in this category, out of 85 total. This list may not reflect recent changes .
Before this migration, African Americans only constituted 2% of Chicago's population. [9] African American migrants resided in a segregated zone on Chicago's south side, extending from 22nd Street on the north to 63rd Street on the south, and reaching from the Rock Island railroad tracks on the west to Cottage Grove Avenue on the east. [8]
The Chicago Defender's editor and founder Robert Sengstacke Abbott played a major role in influencing the Great Migration of African Americans from the rural South to the urban North by means of strong, moralistic rhetoric in his editorials and political cartoons, the promotion of Chicago as a destination, and the advertisement of successful black individuals as inspiration for blacks in the ...
By the 20th century, daily papers appeared in Norfolk, Chicago, Baltimore and Washington, D.C. [14] Representative leaders included Robert Sengstacke Abbott (1870–1940) and John H. Sengstacke (1912–1997), publishers of the Chicago Defender; John Mitchell Jr. (1863–1929), editor of the Richmond Planet and president of the National Afro ...