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An epidemic is the rapid spread of disease to a large number of people in a given population within a short period of time; in meningococcal infections, an attack rate in excess of 15 cases per 100,000 people for two consecutive weeks is considered an epidemic. [1]
Human infectious diseases may be characterized by their case fatality rate (CFR), the proportion of people diagnosed with a disease who die from it (cf. mortality rate).It should not be confused with the infection fatality rate (IFR), the estimated proportion of people infected by a disease-causing agent, including asymptomatic and undiagnosed infections, who die from the disease.
The term pandemic had not been used then, but was used for later epidemics, including the 1918 H1N1 influenza A pandemic—more commonly known as the Spanish flu—which is the deadliest pandemic in history. The most recent pandemics include the HIV/AIDS pandemic, the 2009 swine flu pandemic and the COVID-19 pandemic. Almost all these diseases ...
A history of epidemics maintained by the Chinese Empire from 243 B.C. to 1911 A.C. shows an approximate correlation between the frequency of epidemics and the growth of the population. [74] Here is an incomplete list of known epidemics which spread widely enough to merit the title "pandemic".
Second-deadliest disaster in United States history. Deadliest drug epidemic in United States history. 700,000 [3] 1981 – present HIV/AIDS in the United States: Pandemic Nationwide Fatalities estimated. Third-deadliest disaster in United States history. 675,000 [4] 1918 – 1920 1918 influenza pandemic: Pandemic Nationwide Fatalities estimated.
This was the most severe Ebola outbreak in recorded history in regards to both the number of human cases and fatalities. It began in Guéckédou, Guinea, in December 2013 and spread abroad. [37] [38] [33] Flare-ups of the disease continued into 2016, [39] and the outbreak was declared over on 9 June 2016. Aug–Nov 2014 DRC: EBOV 66 [40] 49 [40 ...
There have been five major influenza pandemics in the last 140 years, with the 1918 flu pandemic being the most severe; this is estimated to have been responsible for the deaths of 50–100 million people. The 2009 swine flu pandemic resulted in under 300,000 deaths and is considered relatively mild. These pandemics occur irregularly. Influenza ...
In places such as the US and England and Wales, the 1972–1973 flu season was the deadliest since their respective deadliest waves of the pandemic between 1968 and 1970. [179] [176] Influenza A/H3N2 remains in circulation today as a strain of seasonal flu. [2]