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Graph depicting blood sugar change during a day with three meals. The glycemic (glycaemic) index (GI; / ɡ l aɪ ˈ s iː m ɪ k / [1]) is a number from 0 to 100 assigned to a food, with pure glucose arbitrarily given the value of 100, which represents the relative rise in the blood glucose level two hours after consuming that food. [2]
They have a high glycemic index (85 out of 100), but their glycemic load for a typical serving size is low (4.25), meaning they’re unlikely to cause a significant blood sugar spike.
A quick refresher: the glycemic index (GI) was created in the 1980s by David Jenkins, and measures how fast carbohydrates in food and drink raise your blood sugar on a scale of 1 to 100.
Formerly, some test strips were read (after timing and wiping away the blood sample) by visual comparison against a color chart printed on the vial label. Strips of this type are still used for urine glucose readings, but for blood glucose levels they are obsolete.
Whereas glycemic index is defined for each type of food, glycemic load can be calculated for any size serving of a food, an entire meal, or an entire day's meals. [ citation needed ] Glycemic load of a 100 g serving of food can be calculated as its carbohydrate content measured in grams (g), multiplied by the food's GI, and divided by 100.
“The glycemic index is based on a system where foods are ranked zero to 100 according to how drastically they cause blood sugar to rise,” says Vandana Sheth, RDN, CDCES, a Los Angeles-based ...
Good glycemic control, in the sense of a "target" for treatment, has become an important goal of diabetes care. Poor glycemic control refers to persistently (over several months) elevated BG in the 200 to 500 mg/dL (11–28 mmol/L). This is also measured by Hb A1c levels, which may range from greater than 9%.
It compares available carbohydrates gram-for-gram in foods to provide a numerical, evidence-based index of postprandial (post-meal) blood sugar level. The concept was introduced in 1981. [1] The glycemic load of food is a number which estimates how much a food will raise a person's blood glucose level. [citation needed]