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By applying the fundamental recurrence formulas we may easily compute the successive convergents of this continued fraction to be 1, 3/2, 7/5, 17/12, 41/29, 99/70, 239/169, ..., where each successive convergent is formed by taking the numerator plus the denominator of the preceding term as the denominator in the next term, then adding in the ...
If two primes which end in 3 or 7 and surpass by 3 a multiple of 4 are multiplied, then their product will be composed of a square and the quintuple of another square. In other words, if p, q are of the form 20k + 3 or 20k + 7, then pq = x 2 + 5y 2. Euler later extended this to the conjecture that
A continued fraction is a mathematical expression that can be written as a fraction with a denominator that is a sum that contains another simple or continued fraction. . Depending on whether this iteration terminates with a simple fraction or not, the continued fraction is finite or i
Euler derived the formula as connecting a finite sum of products with a finite continued fraction. (+ (+ (+))) = + + + + = + + + +The identity is easily established by induction on n, and is therefore applicable in the limit: if the expression on the left is extended to represent a convergent infinite series, the expression on the right can also be extended to represent a convergent infinite ...
that can possibly arise when = + is expanded as a regular continued fraction, Lagrange showed that the largest partial denominator a i in the expansion is less than , and that the length of the repeating block is less than 2D. More recently, sharper arguments [5] [6] [7] based on the divisor function have shown that the length of the repeating ...
This corresponds to a set of y values whose product is a square number, i.e. one whose factorization has only even exponents. The products of x and y values together form a congruence of squares. This is a classic system of linear equations problem, and can be efficiently solved using Gaussian elimination as soon as the number of rows exceeds ...
In algebra, the partial fraction decomposition or partial fraction expansion of a rational fraction (that is, a fraction such that the numerator and the denominator are both polynomials) is an operation that consists of expressing the fraction as a sum of a polynomial (possibly zero) and one or several fractions with a simpler denominator. [1]
Pell's equation for n = 2 and six of its integer solutions. Pell's equation, also called the Pell–Fermat equation, is any Diophantine equation of the form =, where n is a given positive nonsquare integer, and integer solutions are sought for x and y.