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Wood is a structural tissue/material found as xylem in the stems and roots of trees and other woody plants.It is an organic material – a natural composite of cellulosic fibers that are strong in tension and embedded in a matrix of lignin that resists compression.
Wood science [1] is the scientific field which predominantly studies and investigates elements associated with the formation, the physical and chemical composition, and the macro- and microstructure of wood as a bio-based and lignocellulosic material.
Typical engineered composite materials are made up of a binding agent forming the matrix and a filler material (particulates or fibres) giving substance, e.g.: Concrete, reinforced concrete and masonry with cement, lime or mortar (which is itself a composite material) as a binder; Composite wood such as glulam and plywood with wood glue as a binder
Consisting of bio-based, secondary raw materials (wood chip or sugarcane fibers) recovered from within 100 miles (160 km) of manufacturing facilities, the binding agent used in this type of fiberboard is an all-natural product, consisting of vegetable starch containing no added formaldehydes.
The term secondary raw material denotes waste material that has been recycled and injected back into use as productive material. Lumber has a high potential to be used as a secondary raw material at various stages, as listed below: Recovery of branches and leaves for use as fertilisers
Von Mohl employing polarized light microscopy, was the first to articulate the lamellar composition of a wood cell wall. However, it is important to note that his initial description only differentiated between primary and secondary lamellae, with the recognition of the tertiary lamella occurring later, thanks to Theodor Hartig. Von Mohl also ...
Biomass (in the context of energy generation) is matter from recently living (but now dead) organisms which is used for bioenergy production. There are variations in how such biomass for energy is defined, e.g. only from plants, [8] or from plants and algae, [9] or from plants and animals. [10]
The bark of Pinus thunbergii is made up of countless shiny layers. Bark is the outermost layer of stems and roots of woody plants. Plants with bark include trees, woody vines, and shrubs. Bark refers to all the tissues outside the vascular cambium and is a nontechnical term. [1] It overlays the wood and consists of the inner bark and the outer ...