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Japanese macaque bathing in hot springs in Nagano prefecture. About 130 species of land mammal occur in Japan. The largest of these are the two bears. The Ussuri brown bear (Ursus arctos), the largest land animal in Japan, is found in HokkaidÅ, [3] where it plays an important role in the culture of the Ainu people. [4]
Over 1.5 million living animal species have been described—of which around 1 million are insects—but it has been estimated there are over 7 million in total. Animals range in size from 8.5 millionths of a metre to 33.6 metres (110 ft) long and have complex interactions with each other and their environments, forming intricate food webs .
The floral richness of the rain forest habitats comprise a broad range of evergreens. [19] According to the Conservation International List Vietnam is identified as the fifth biodiversity hot spot in the world, on account of its exotic flora and fauna. Between 1997 and 2007, almost 1000 new species have been discovered.
The former includes the five Panthera species tiger, lion, jaguar, leopard, and snow leopard, as well as the two Neofelis species clouded leopard and Sunda clouded leopard. [2] The subfamily Felinae includes 12 genera and 34 species, such as the bobcat , caracal , cheetah , cougar , ocelot , and common domestic cat.
One species, the scimitar oryx, was once extinct in the wild, though populations are now recovering. The bluebuck went extinct in the last 200 years, and the aurochs went extinct 400 years ago. A third extinct species, the red gazelle, potentially never existed, [2] and the kouprey is potentially extinct, with no sightings since 1969. [3]
It is home for more than 10,000 types of plants, 600 timber species, as well as 1,000 bird species, 280 reptile species, and 400 mammal species, including the forest elephant, gorilla, forest buffalo, bongo, and okapi. Many of these wildlife species are threatened animals such as large lowland gorillas and chimpanzees. [2]
The species was first reported in 1992 by Do Tuoc, a forest ecologist, and his associates. [5] The first photograph of a living saola was taken in captivity in 1993. The most recent one was taken in 2013 by a movement-triggered camera in the forest of central Vietnam. [6] [7] It is the only species in the genus Pseudoryx.
It is the smallest habitat of any wild cat species in the world. [16] The Iriomote cat lives predominantly in the subtropical forests that cover the island up to an elevation of 200 m (660 ft). [6] [14] [17] It prefers areas near rivers, forest edges, and places with low humidity. [6] [7] [9]