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The TP53 gene is the most frequently mutated gene (>50%) in human cancer, indicating that the TP53 gene plays a crucial role in preventing cancer formation. [5] TP53 gene encodes proteins that bind to DNA and regulate gene expression to prevent mutations of the genome. [ 12 ]
Many cancers exhibit mutations in the p53 gene, but this mutation can only be detected through extensive DNA sequencing. Studies have shown that cells with p53 mutations have significantly lower levels of PUMA, making it a good candidate for a protein marker of p53 mutations, providing a simpler method for testing for p53 mutations. [44]
The p53 p63 p73 family is a family of tumor suppressor genes. [1] [2] This gene family codes the proteins: p53; TP73L (also known as "p63") p73; They are sometimes considered part of a "p53 family." When overexpressed, these proteins are known to be involved in tumor pathogenesis. [3]
Initiation and progression of lung carcinoma is the result of the interaction between genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors. Most cases of lung cancer are because of genetic mutations in EGFR, KRAS, STK11 (also known as LKB1), TP53 (also known as p53), and CDKN2A (also known as p16 or INK4a) [117] [118] [119] with the most common type ...
Tumor suppressor p53-binding protein 1 also known as p53-binding protein 1 or 53BP1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TP53BP1 gene. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ] Clinical significance
TP-53 is a gene that encodes for the protein p53; this protein is a tumor suppressor. p53 was discovered in 1979 stemming from a study involving cancer immunology and the role of viruses in some cancers. The protein was so named because it was measured to have a weight of 53 kDa.
For example, mutations of the p53 gene can be detected through immunohistochemical polymorphism screening of DNA, sequence analysis of DNA, or by single-strand conformational polymorphism screening of DNA. Each assay may give different results of the clinical value of the p53 mutations as a prognostic factor. [6]
The p53 protein is a transcription factor that, when activated as part of the cell's response to stress, regulates many downstream target genes, including BID. However, p53 also has a transcription-independent role in apoptosis. In particular, p53 interacts with Bax, promoting Bax activation and the insertion of Bax into the mitochondrial membrane.