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In law, as a synonym for universal jurisdiction; In moral philosophy, the first formulation of Kant's categorical imperative. Universality may also refer to several concepts that are also known as "universality" Background independence, a concept of universality in physical science; Turing-complete, a concept of universality in computation
The word catholic (derived via Late Latin catholicus, from the ancient Greek adjective καθολικός (katholikos) ' universal ') [3] [4] comes from the Greek phrase καθόλου (katholou) ' on the whole, according to the whole, in general ', and is a combination of the Greek words κατά (kata) ' about ' and ὅλος (holos) ' whole '.
In common usage, the term is often used as a synonym for universal grammar—the constraints which Chomsky claims govern the overall forms of linguistic expression available to the human species. This is probably due to the importance of deep structure in Chomsky's earlier work on universal grammar, though his concept of universal grammar is ...
When used in the context of ethics, the meaning of universal refers to that which is true for "all similarly situated individuals". [3] Rights, for example in natural rights, or in the 1789 Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, for those heavily influenced by the philosophy of the Enlightenment and its conception of a human nature, could be considered universal.
The universal mind, or universal consciousness, is a metaphysical concept suggesting an underlying essence of all beings and becoming in the universe. It includes the being and becoming that occurred in the universe prior to the emergence of the concept of mind, a term that more appropriately refers to the organic, human aspect of universal consciousness.
The classification scheme in Roget's Thesaurus ultimately derives from Wilkins's Essay. Candide, a satire written by Voltaire, took aim at Leibniz as Dr. Pangloss, with the choice of name clearly putting universal language in his sights, but satirizing mainly the optimism of the projector as much as the project.
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Moral universalism (also called moral objectivism) is the meta-ethical position that some system of ethics, or a universal ethic, applies universally, that is, for "all similarly situated individuals", [1] regardless of culture, race, sex, religion, nationality, sexual orientation, gender identity, or any other distinguishing feature. [2]