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Drafting pantograph in use Pantograph used for scaling a picture. The red shape is traced and enlarged. Pantograph 3d rendering. A pantograph (from Greek παντ- 'all, every' and γραφ- 'to write', from their original use for copying writing) is a mechanical linkage connected in a manner based on parallelograms so that the movement of one pen, in tracing an image, produces identical ...
This configuration is also called a pantograph, [2] [3] however, it is not to be confused with the parallelogram-copying linkage pantograph. The linkage can be a one-degree-of-freedom mechanism if two gears are attached to two links and are meshed together, forming a geared five-bar mechanism.
A horizontal pantograph maintains identical planar (X and Y axis) movement, with two degrees of freedom; An angled pantograph descending from the bridge maintains identical vertical (Z axis) movement; A torsion beam maintains identical pen fore-and-aft tilt; A parallel linkage maintains identical pen side-to-side tilt
The construction of physical measuring and calculating devices including rulers, protractors, pantographs, planimeters, integrators, and slide rules [2] [3] Mechanical linkages, pantographs, four-bar linkages, and the problem of converting rotary to linear motion, solved by the Peaucellier–Lipkin linkage and by Hart's inversor [4] [5]
In 1603, Scheiner invented the pantograph, [1] an instrument which could duplicate plans and drawings to an adjustable scale. From 1603 to 1605 he taught humanities: his years as a Latin teacher at the Jesuit grammar school in Dillingen earned him the title of Magister Artium. Pantograph
Linkage mobility Locking pliers exemplify a four-bar, one degree of freedom mechanical linkage. The adjustable base pivot makes this a two degree-of-freedom five-bar linkage. It is common practice to design the linkage system so that the movement of all of the bodies are constrained to lie on parallel planes, to form what is known as a planar ...
The parallel motion differed from Watt's linkage by having an additional pantograph linkage incorporated in the design. This did not affect the fundamental principle but it allowed the engine room to be smaller because the linkage was more compact. [2] The Newcomen engine's piston was propelled downward by the atmospheric pressure.
These four-bar linkages have coupler curves that have one or more regions of approximately perfect straight line motion. The exception in this list is Watt's parallel motion, which combines Watt's linkage with another four-bar linkage – the pantograph – to amplify the existing approximate straight line movement.