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The Harris–Benedict equation (also called the Harris-Benedict principle) is a method used to estimate an individual's basal metabolic rate (BMR).. The estimated BMR value may be multiplied by a number that corresponds to the individual's activity level; the resulting number is the approximate daily kilocalorie intake to maintain current body weight.
The Schofield Equation is a method of estimating the basal metabolic rate (BMR) of adult men and women published in 1985. [1] This is the equation used by the WHO in their technical report series. [2] The equation that is recommended to estimate BMR by the US Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics is the Mifflin-St. Jeor equation. [3]
By 2014, 37.7% of adults in the United States were obese, 35.0% of men and 40.4% of women; class 3 obesity (BMI over 40) values were 7.7% for men and 9.9% for women. [30] The U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey of 2015–2016 showed that 71.6% of American men and women had BMIs over 25. [ 31 ]
Basal metabolic rate (BMR) accounts for about 60% of the calories you burn each day. To calculate your BMR, you should use the Mifflin-St. Jeor equation, which is the most accurate.
The basal metabolic rate accounts for about 70% of the daily calorie expenditure by individuals. It is influenced by several factors. In humans, BMR typically declines by 1–2% per decade after age 20, mostly due to loss of fat-free mass, [3] although the variability between individuals is high. [4]
However, it is also possible to approximately estimate BMR using several equations that factor in a person's age, sex, height, and weight. [18] Some of the most popular and accurate equations used to calculate BMR are the original Harris-Benedict equations, the revised Harris-Benedict equations, and the Mifflin St. Jeor equation. [19]
Taylor thus defines metabolic age, as, θ = λ t A − 0.27 {\displaystyle \theta =\lambda tA^{-0.27}} where A {\displaystyle A} is the standard adult body weight in kilograms t {\displaystyle t} is the time from conception λ {\displaystyle \lambda } is a dimensional coefficient that depends on the units of time being used
The Institute of Medicine equation uses a different approach to most others. The equation doesn't measure basal metabolic rate, but uses experiments based on doubly labelled water. The scientists at the Institute of Medicine said in their report that the factorial method tended to underestimate calorie expenditure.