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Frontal lobe disorder, also frontal lobe syndrome, is an impairment of the frontal lobe of the brain due to disease or frontal lobe injury. [5] The frontal lobe plays a key role in executive functions such as motivation, planning, social behaviour, and speech production.
the frontal lobe. In addition to the damage seen in these areas there have been reports of damage to cortex, although it was noted that this may be due to the direct toxic effects of alcohol as opposed to thiamine deficiency that has been attributed as the underlying cause of Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome. [26]
Frontal lobe damage becomes the most prominent as alcoholics age and can lead to impaired neuropsychological performance in areas such as problem solving, good judgment, and goal-directed behaviors. [3] Impaired emotional processing results from damage to the limbic system.
Patients with alcoholic dementia often develop apathy, related to frontal lobe damage, that may mimic depression. [3] People with an alcohol use disorder are more likely to become depressed than people without alcohol use disorder, [4] and it may be difficult to differentiate between depression and alcohol dementia.
Frontal lobe signs usually involve the motor system and may include many special types of deficit, depending on which part of the frontal lobe is affected: [citation needed] unsteady gait (unsteadiness in walking) muscular rigidity, resistance to passive movements of the limbs
The prefrontal lobe in humans has been associated both with metacognitive executive functions and emotional executive functions. [32] Theory and evidence suggest that the frontal lobes in other primates also mediate and regulate emotion, but do not demonstrate the metacognitive abilities that are demonstrated in humans. [32]
Following a frontal lobe injury, an individual's abilities to make good choices and recognize consequences are often impaired. Memory impairment is another common effect associated with frontal lobe injuries, but this effect is less documented and may or may not be the result of flawed testing. [ 3 ]
Structural MRI scans often reveal frontal lobe and/or anterior temporal lobe atrophy, but in early cases the scan may seem normal. Atrophy can be either bilateral or asymmetric. [13] Registration of images at different points of time (e.g., one year apart) can show evidence of atrophy that otherwise at individual time points may be reported as ...