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A glycogen storage disease(GSD, also glycogenosisand dextrinosis) is a metabolic disordercaused by a deficiency of an enzymeor transport proteinaffecting glycogen synthesis, glycogen breakdown, or glucose breakdown, typically in musclesand/or livercells. [1] GSD has two classes of cause: genetic and environmental.
Glycogen is a molecule the body uses to store carbohydrate energy. Symptoms of GSD-III are caused by a deficiency of the enzyme amylo-1,6 glucosidase, or debrancher enzyme. This causes excess amounts of an abnormal glycogen to be deposited in the liver, muscles and, in some cases, the heart. [medical citation needed]
Glycogen storage disease type I (GSD I) is an inherited disease that prevents the liver from properly breaking down stored glycogen, which is necessary to maintain adequate blood sugar levels. GSD I is divided into two main types, GSD Ia and GSD Ib, which differ in cause, presentation, and treatment. There are also possibly rarer subtypes, the ...
Glycogen storage disease type V (GSD5, GSD-V), [ 1 ] also known as McArdle's disease, [ 2 ] is a metabolic disorder, one of the metabolic myopathies, more specifically a muscle glycogen storage disease, caused by a deficiency of myophosphorylase. [ 3 ][ 4 ] Its incidence is reported as one in 100,000, roughly the same as glycogen storage ...
The female body goes through a variety of physical changes during pregnancy, including alterations to the brain. ... not unlike the cortical thinning that happens during puberty. In both cases ...
Testosterone is the primary male sex hormone and androgen in males. [ 3 ] In humans, testosterone plays a key role in the development of male reproductive tissues such as testicles and prostate, as well as promoting secondary sexual characteristics such as increased muscle and bone mass, and the growth of body hair.
This leads to very long unbranched glucose chains being stored in glycogen. The long unbranched molecules have low solubility, leading to glycogen precipitation in the liver. These deposits subsequently build up in the body tissue, especially the heart and liver. The inability to break down glycogen in muscle cells causes muscle weakness.
Endocrinology. Glycogen storage disease type II(GSD-II), also called Pompe disease, and formerly known as GSD-IIa or Limb–girdle muscular dystrophy 2V, is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder [ 1 ] which damages muscle and nerve cells throughout the body.