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  2. Photosynthesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photosynthesis

    Photosynthesis ( / ˌfoʊtəˈsɪnθəsɪs / FOH-tə-SINTH-ə-sis) [ 1] is a system of biological processes by which photosynthetic organisms, such as most plants, algae, and cyanobacteria, convert light energy, typically from sunlight, into the chemical energy necessary to fuel their metabolism.

  3. Vacuole - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vacuole

    Plant cell structure. Animal cell structure. A vacuole ( / ˈvækjuːoʊl /) is a membrane-bound organelle which is present in plant and fungal cells and some protist, animal, and bacterial cells. [ 1][ 2] Vacuoles are essentially enclosed compartments which are filled with water containing inorganic and organic molecules including enzymes in ...

  4. Flowering plant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flowering_plant

    Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (/ ˌ æ n dʒ i ə ˈ s p ər m iː /), [5] [6] commonly called angiosperms. They include all forbs (flowering plants without a woody stem), grasses and grass-like plants, a vast majority of broad-leaved trees , shrubs and vines , and most aquatic plants .

  5. Evolutionary history of plants - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolutionary_history_of_plants

    Land plants evolved from a group of freshwater green algae, perhaps as early as 850 mya, [3] but algae-like plants might have evolved as early as 1 billion years ago. [2] The closest living relatives of land plants are the charophytes, specifically Charales; if modern Charales are similar to the distant ancestors they share with land plants, this means that the land plants evolved from a ...

  6. Mucilage - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mucilage

    Mucilage. A sundew with a leaf bent around a fly trapped by mucilage. Mucilage is a thick gluey substance produced by nearly all plants and some microorganisms. These microorganisms include protists which use it for their locomotion. The direction of their movement is always opposite to that of the secretion of mucilage. [ 1]

  7. Fossil history of flowering plants - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fossil_history_of...

    The fossil history of flowering plants records the development of flowers and other distinctive structures of the angiosperms, now the dominant group of plants on land.The history is controversial as flowering plants appear in great diversity in the Cretaceous, with scanty and debatable records before that, creating a puzzle for evolutionary biologists that Charles Darwin named an "abominable ...

  8. Timeline of plant evolution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_plant_evolution

    The timeline displays a graphical representation of the adaptations; the text attempts to explain the nature and robustness of the evidence. Plant evolution is an aspect of the study of biological evolution, predominantly involving evolution of plants suited to live on land, greening of various land masses by the filling of their niches with ...

  9. The Different Forms of Flowers on Plants of the Same Species

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Different_Forms_of...

    The Different Forms of Flowers on Plants of the Same Species. The Different Forms of Flowers on Plants of the Same Species is a book by Charles Darwin first published in 1877. [ 1] It is the fifth of his six books devoted solely to the study of plants (excluding The Variation of Animals and Plants Under Domestication [ 2] ).