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  2. Byzantine flags and insignia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byzantine_flags_and_insignia

    Byzantine flags and insignia. For most of its history, the Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire did not use heraldry in the Western European sense of permanent motifs transmitted through hereditary right. [1] Various large aristocratic families employed certain symbols to identify themselves; [1] the use of the cross, and of icons of Christ, the ...

  3. Double-headed eagle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double-headed_eagle

    The double-headed eagle is an iconographic symbol originating in the Bronze Age. A heraldic charge, it is used with the concept of an empire. Most modern uses of the emblem are directly or indirectly associated with its use by the late Byzantine Empire, originally a dynastic emblem of the Palaiologoi.

  4. Byzantium (color) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byzantium_(color)

    The color Byzantium is a particular dark tone of purple. It originates in modern times, and, despite its name, it should not be confused with Tyrian purple ( hue rendering ), the color historically used by Roman and Byzantine emperors. The latter, often also referred to as "Tyrian red", is more reddish in hue, and is in fact often depicted as ...

  5. History of Christian flags - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Christian_flags

    The medieval Christian flags with different kinds of crosses (Latin, Templars, St. John's or arrow-head cross', St. Andrew's or saltire, 'nailed", etc.) linked the knights with the church. It was a religious symbol of Christian 'holy wars' or crusades which invigorated and united the enemies of Islam.

  6. Star and crescent - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Star_and_crescent

    The star and crescent symbol used in the minted coins of the Sassanian Empire from the 3rd century until the 7th century. This coin was coined under Ardashir III. The Adoration of the Magi by Stephan Lochner; on the left, the crescent and star is depicted in the flag of representatives of Byzantium. The conjoined representation of a crescent ...

  7. List of Byzantine emperors - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Byzantine_emperors

    The Byzantine Empire was the direct legal continuation of the eastern half of the Roman Empire following the division of the Roman Empire in 395. Emperors listed below up to Theodosius I in 395 were sole or joint rulers of the entire Roman Empire. The Western Roman Empire continued until 476.

  8. Ghassanids - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghassanids

    The Ghassanids, [ a] also called the Jafnids, [ 2] were an Arab tribe which founded a kingdom which was in place from the third century to the seventh century in the area of the Levant and northern Arabia. They emigrated from South Arabia in the early third century to the Levant. [ 3][ 4] Some merged with Hellenized Christian communities, [ 5 ...

  9. SPQR - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SPQR

    This signature continued in use under the Roman Empire. The emperors were considered the de jure representatives of the people even though the senātūs consulta, or decrees of the Senate, were made at the de facto pleasure of the emperor. [citation needed] Populus Rōmānus in Roman literature is a phrase meaning the government of the People.