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Pure physics is a branch of fundamental science (also called basic science). Physics is also called " the fundamental science" because all branches of natural science like chemistry, astronomy, geology, and biology are constrained by laws of physics. [ 60] Similarly, chemistry is often called the central science because of its role in linking ...
Ancient history. Elements of what became physics were drawn primarily from the fields of astronomy, optics, and mechanics, which were methodologically united through the study of geometry. These mathematical disciplines began in antiquity with the Babylonians and with Hellenistic writers such as Archimedes and Ptolemy.
Physics – natural science that involves the study of matter [ 1] and its motion through spacetime, along with related concepts such as energy and force. [ 2] More broadly, it is the general analysis of nature, conducted in order to understand how the universe behaves. [ 3][ 4][ 5]
Modern physics is a branch of physics that developed in the early 20th century and onward or branches greatly influenced by early 20th century physics. Notable branches of modern physics include quantum mechanics, special relativity, and general relativity . Classical physics is typically concerned with everyday conditions: speeds are much ...
The concept of force makes the everyday notion of pushing or pulling mathematically precise. Because the magnitude and direction of a force are both important, force is a vector quantity. The SI unit of force is the newton (N), and force is often represented by the symbol F . Force plays an important role in classical mechanics.
Motion. In physics, motion is when an object changes its position with respect to a reference point in a given time. Motion is mathematically described in terms of displacement, distance, velocity, acceleration, speed, and frame of reference to an observer, measuring the change in position of the body relative to that frame with a change in time.
In science, work is the energy transferred to or from an object via the application of force along a displacement. In its simplest form, for a constant force aligned with the direction of motion, the work equals the product of the force strength and the distance traveled. A force is said to do positive work if it has a component in the ...
Quantum mechanics is a fundamental theory that describes the behavior of nature at and below the scale of atoms. [ 2]: 1.1 It is the foundation of all quantum physics, which includes quantum chemistry, quantum field theory, quantum technology, and quantum information science . Quantum mechanics can describe many systems that classical physics ...