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Hip dysplasia is an abnormality of the hip joint where the socket portion does not fully cover the ball portion, resulting in an increased risk for joint dislocation. [1] Hip dysplasia may occur at birth or develop in early life. [1] Regardless, it does not typically produce symptoms in babies less than a year old. [3]
Obstructed labour, also known as labour dystocia, is the baby not exiting the pelvis because it is physically blocked during childbirth although the uterus contracts normally. [2] Complications for the baby include not getting enough oxygen which may result in death. [1]
A breech birth is when a baby is born bottom first instead of head first, as is normal. [1] Around 3–5% of pregnant women at term (37–40 weeks pregnant) have a breech baby. [2] Due to their higher than average rate of possible complications for the baby, breech births are generally considered higher risk. [3]
Hip dysplasia is a congenital condition in which the hip is deformed in a way that decreases the congruency between the head of the femur and the acetabulum of the pelvis. [22] Bony congruence is a stabilizing factor to the hip joint, so the decrease in this conferred by hip dysplasia makes one more susceptible to dislocation. [22]
Presentation of twins in Der Rosengarten ("The Rose Garden"), a German standard medical text for midwives published in 1513. In obstetrics, the presentation of a fetus about to be born specifies which anatomical part of the fetus is leading, that is, is closest to the pelvic inlet of the birth canal.
In some cases, children with type A deformities will also have an externally rotated femur, which could lead to bowing of the legs (genu varum). Type B — The femur bone is shorter on the proximal end (near the hip) and the defect affects both the femoral head (the ball) and the femoral shaft (the long part of the bone).
Candida albicans infection; Candida parapsilosis infection; Cytomegalovirus infection; diphtheria; human coronavirus infection; respiratory distress syndrome; measles; meconium aspiration syndrome
Whilst it can occur in any child, the major risk factor is childhood obesity. [1] Symptoms include the gradual, progressive onset of thigh or knee pain with a painful limp. Hip motion will be limited, particularly internal rotation. Running, and other strenuous activity on legs, will also cause the hips to abnormally move due to the condition ...