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The risk of sudden death in young adults with epilepsy is increased 20-40-fold compared to the general population. [32] [33] [20] SUDEP is the number one cause of epilepsy-related death in people with pharmacoresistant epilepsy. [20] Children with epilepsy have a cumulative risk of dying suddenly of 7% within 40 years. [20]
Status epilepticus (SE), or status seizure, is a medical condition with abnormally prolonged seizures, and which can have long-term consequences [3], manifesting as a single seizure lasting more than a defined time (time point 1), or 2 or more seizures over the same period without the person returning to normal between them.
A seizure can be disruptive to the process of normal life. During the seizure, depending on the type, the patient may be totally or partially unconscious, and out of commission to perform normal activities. Following the seizure the patient may be confused and disoriented for a period of time. The patient may also require rest after the seizure ...
Oculogyric crisis (OGC) is a rare sudden, paroxysmal, dystonic reaction that may manifest in response to specific drugs, particularly neuroleptics, or medical conditions, such as movement disorders. This neurological phenomenon is characterized by a sustained dystonic, conjugate , involuntary upward deviation of both eyes lasting seconds to hours.
A generalized tonic-clonic seizure (GTCS), also known as a grand mal seizure, is a whole-body seizure that has a tonic phase followed by clonic muscle retrenchments. [14] [15] GTCSs can happen in people of all ages. [15] GTCSs are very hazardous, and they increase the risk of injuries and sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). [16]
The cause is not known. [8] There are some common symptoms, such as onset after a nonspecific febrile illness, gastrointestinal illness, or upper respiratory infection. This prior illness is often cleared 1–14 days prior to the person's first seizures.
Jackie Galgey, 45, shares in a personal essay her experience with trigeminal neuralgia, also called the suicide disease, which caused her one-sided facial pain.
Seizures may also occur as a consequence of other health problems; [30] if they occur right around a specific cause, such as a stroke, head injury, toxic ingestion, or metabolic problem, they are known as acute symptomatic seizures and are in the broader classification of seizure-related disorders rather than epilepsy itself.