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The chelicerae (/ k ə ˈ l ɪ s ər iː /) are the mouthparts of the subphylum Chelicerata, an arthropod group that includes arachnids, horseshoe crabs, and sea spiders. Commonly referred to as " jaws ", chelicerae may be shaped as either articulated fangs , or as a type of pincers .
The chelicerae ("claw horns") that give the sub-phylum its name normally consist of three sections, and the claw is formed by the third section and a rigid extension of the second. [ 12 ] [ 19 ] However, spiders' have only two sections, and the second forms a fang that folds away behind the first when not in use. [ 16 ]
Chelicera (plural chelicerae): One of two appendages at the front of the carapace, made up of basal portion, the paturon, and the fang; [5] sometimes called the jaw; see also Chelicerae; Cheliceral furrow: A shallow groove on the basal portion of a chelicera accommodating the fang, usually having teeth on its margins [6]
Carnivores have chelicerae that tear and crush prey, whereas herbivores can have chelicerae that are modified for piercing and sucking (as do parasitic species). In sea spiders, the chelicerae (also known as chelifores) are short and chelate and are positioned on either side of the base of the proboscis or sometimes vestigial or absent.
The chelicerae, which give the group its name, are the only appendages that appear before the mouth. In most sub-groups they are modest pincers used in feeding, but spiders' chelicerae form fangs which are used to inject venom into their prey.
The microscopic mite Lorryia formosa (). The mites are not a defined taxon, but is used for two distinct groups of arachnids, the Acariformes and the Parasitiformes.The phylogeny of the Acari has been relatively little studied, but molecular information from ribosomal DNA is being extensively used to understand relationships between groups.
The classical view was that the chelicerae were homologous to the second antennae of crustaceans (i.e., they are innervated from the tritocerebrum), a view based partly on the fact that the chelicerae were innervated from the same ganglion that innervates the labrum, which is the tritocerebrum in crustaceans and insects.
Phidippus is a genus in the family Salticidae (jumping spiders). [1] Some of the largest jumping spiders inhabit this genus, and many species are characterized by their brilliant, iridescent green chelicerae.