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All Korean surnames and most Korean given names are Sino-Korean. [4] Additionally, Korean numerals can be expressed with Sino-Korean and native Korean words, though each set of numerals has different purposes. [7] Sino-Korean words may be written either in the Korean alphabet, known as Hangul, or in Chinese characters, known as Hanja. [8]
The Korean language uses special measure or counting words for specific objects and events. [ 1 ] These suffixes are called subullyusa (수분류사 ; 數分類詞) in Korean. They are similar to the ones employed in the Chinese and the Japanese languages. In English it is "two sheets of paper", not "two papers". Analogously, in Korean jang ...
In spoken Cantonese 卌; sei3can be used in place of 四十when followed by another digit such as in numbers 41–49, a measure word (e.g. 卌個), a noun, or in phrases like 卌幾'forty-something', it is not used by itself to mean 40. When spoken, 卌is pronounced as 卌呀; sei3-aa6. Thus 卌一; 41, is pronounced as sei3-aa6-jat1.
The Sino-Korean words were deliberately imported alongside corresponding Chinese characters for a written language and everything was supposed to be written in Hanja, so the coexistence of Sino-Korean would be more thorough and systematic than that of Latinate words in English. The exact proportion of Sino-Korean vocabulary is a matter of debate.
According to the Standard Korean Language Dictionary published by the National Institute of Korean Language (NIKL), approximately half (50%) of Korean words are Sino-Korean, mostly in academic fields (science, government, and society). [5] Other dictionaries, such as the Urimal Keun Sajeon, claim this number might be as low as roughly 30%. [6] [7]
List of Korean surnames. This is a list of Korean surnames, in hangul alphabetical order. The most common Korean surname (particularly in South Korea) is Kim (김), followed by Lee (이) and Park (박). These three surnames are held by around half of the ethnic Korean population. This article uses the most recent South Korean statistics ...
Some words experience tensification of initial plain consonants, in both native and Sino-Korean words. It is proscribed in normative Standard Korean, but may be widespread or occur in free variation in certain words. [35] Examples: 가시 /kasi/ "1) thorn; 2) worm" is pronounced 까시 /k͈asi/
Sino-Tibetan (sometimes referred to as Trans-Himalayan) [ 1 ][ 2 ] is a family of more than 400 languages, second only to Indo-European in number of native speakers. [ 3 ] Around 1.4 billion people speak a Sino-Tibetan language. [ 4 ] The vast majority of these are the 1.3 billion native speakers of Sinitic languages.