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A traumatic brain injury (TBI), also known as an intracranial injury, is an injury to the brain caused by an external force. TBI can be classified based on severity ranging from mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI/concussion) to severe traumatic brain injury. [ 5 ] TBI can also be characterized based on mechanism (closed or penetrating head ...
Acquired brain injury (ABI), traumatic brain injury (TBI), focal or diffuse, primary and secondary. Brain injury (BI) is the destruction or degeneration of brain cells. Brain injuries occur due to a wide range of internal and external factors. In general, brain damage refers to significant, undiscriminating trauma-induced damage.
In traumatic brain injury (TBI), primary brain injury occurs during the initial insult, and results from displacement of the physical structures of the brain. [ 1 ] Secondary brain injury occurs gradually and may involve an array of cellular processes. [ 1 ][ 2 ] Secondary injury, which is not caused by mechanical damage, can result from the ...
The Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) is an ordinal scale used to assess functional outcomes of patients following brain injury. It considers several factors, including a patient's level of consciousness, ability to carry out activities of daily living (ADLs), and ability to return to work or school.
The Brain Trauma Foundation (BTF) was founded in 1986 to develop research on traumatic brain injury (TBI). Since its formation the foundation's mission has expanded to improving the outcome of TBI patients nationwide through working to implement evidence-based guidelines for prehospital and in-hospital care, quality-improvement programs, and coordinating educational programs for medical ...
Traumatic brain injury (TBI, physical trauma to the brain) can cause a variety of complications, health effects that are not TBI themselves but that result from it. The risk of complications increases with the severity of the trauma; [1] however even mild traumatic brain injury can result in disabilities that interfere with social interactions, employment, and everyday living. [2]
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A catastrophic injury is a severe injury to the spine, spinal cord, or brain. [ 1 ] It may also include skull or spinal fractures. [ 2 ] This is a subset of the definition for the legal term catastrophic injury, which is based on the definition used by the American Medical Association. The National Center for Catastrophic Sport Injury Research ...