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Islam[ a ] is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion centered on the Quran and the teachings of Muhammad, the religion's founder. Adherents of Islam are called Muslims, who are estimated to number approximately 1.9 billion worldwide and are the world's second-largest religious population after Christians. [ 9 ]
Divine, abstract sharia: In this sense, sharia is a rather abstract concept which leaves ample room for various concrete interpretations by humans. Classical sharia: This is the body of Islamic rules, principles and cases compiled by religious scholars during the first two centuries after Muhammad, including Ijtihād.
e. Darul Islam (lit. meaning House of Islam), [ 6 ] also known as Darul Islam/Islamic Armed Forces of Indonesia (Indonesian: Darul Islam/Tentara Islam Indonesia, DI/TII), is an Islamist group that's goal is to fight for the establishment of an Islamic state in Indonesia. It was established in 1942 by a group of Muslim militias, coordinated by ...
Medina. Rufayda Al-Aslamia (also transliterated Rufaida Al-Aslamiya or Rufaydah bint Sa`ad) (Arabic: رفيدة الأسلمية) (born approx. 620 AD; 2 BH) was an Arab medical and social worker recognized as the first female Muslim nurse and the first female surgeon in Islam. [1] She is known as the first nurse in the world.
Islamic studies refers to the academic study of Islam, [ 1 ] which is analogous to related fields such as Jewish studies and Quranic studies. [ 2 ][ 3 ] Islamic studies seeks to understand the past and the potential future of the Islamic world. [ 4 ] In this multidisciplinary program, scholars from diverse areas (history, culture, literature ...
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The Quran, [ c ] also romanized Qur'an or Koran, [ d ] is the central religious text of Islam, believed by Muslims to be a revelation directly from God (Allāh). It is organized in 114 chapters (surah, pl. suwer) which consist of individual verses (āyah). Besides its religious significance, it is widely regarded as the finest work in Arabic ...
Shia Islam (/ ˈʃiːə /) is the second-largest branch of Islam. It holds that the Islamic prophet Muhammad designated Ali ibn Abi Talib (656–661 CE) as his successor (Arabic: خليفة, romanized:khalifa) and the Imam (Arabic: امام, lit. 'spiritual and political leader') after him, most notably at the event of Ghadir Khumm, but was ...