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The uniform of a Portuguese Peer of the Realm while serving in the Chamber of Most Worthy Peers. A peer of the realm is a member of the highest aristocratic social order outside the ruling dynasty of the kingdom. Notable examples are: a member of the peerages in the United Kingdom, who is a hereditary peer or a life peer
A hereditary peer is a peer of the realm whose dignity may be inherited; those able to inherit it are said to be "in remainder". Hereditary peerage dignities may be created with writs of summons or by letters patent ; the former method is now obsolete.
The ranks of the peerage are duke, marquess, earl, viscount, and baron. [7]The last non-royal dukedom was created in 1874, and the last marquessate was created in 1936. . Creation of the remaining ranks, except baronies for life, mostly ceased once Harold Wilson's Labour government took office in 1964, and only thirteen (nine non-royal and four royal) people have been created hereditary peers sinc
Hereditary peer, holders of titles which can be inherited by an heir; Life peer, members of the peerage of the United Kingdom whose titles cannot be inherited; Peerage of England, holders of English titles created before 1707; Peerage of Great Britain, holders of titles created in the Kingdom of Great Britain between 1707 and 1800
The privilege of peerage is the body of special privileges belonging to members of the British peerage.It is distinct from parliamentary privilege, which applies only to those peers serving in the House of Lords and the members of the House of Commons, while Parliament is in session and forty days before and after a parliamentary session.
The historian David Crouch defined baron as "the greatest men in the aristocracy (whether they were earls, barons or not), men habitually at court, lords of great estates, those indeed whom the king consulted in the affairs of the realm". [22] The fiefs of earls and barons were called "honours". The honours were not compact territorial units.
The last non-royal dukedom of Great Britain was created in 1766, and the last marquessate of Great Britain was created in 1796. Creation of the remaining ranks ceased when the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was formed; subsequent creations of peers were in the Peerage of the United Kingdom.
Each peer is listed only by their highest English title. Peers known by a higher title in one of the other peerages are shown in blue, and peers with more than one title of the same rank in the Peerage of England are shown in orange.