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The Black Desert (الصحراء السوداء) is a region of volcano-shaped and widely spaced mounds, distributed along about 30 km (19 mi) in the Western Desert between the White Desert in the south and the Bahariya Oasis in the north. Most of its mounds are capped by basalt sills, giving them the characteristic black color.
Bahariya Formation (Egypt) The Bahariya Formation (also transcribed as Baharija Formation ) is a fossiliferous geologic formation dating back to the early Cenomanian , which outcrops within the Bahariya depression in Egypt , and is known from oil exploration drilling across much of the Western Desert where it forms an important oil reservoir .
The geology of Egypt includes rocks from Archaean - early Proterozoic times onwards. These oldest rocks are found as inliers in Egypt’s Western Desert. In contrast, the rocks of the Eastern Desert are largely late Proterozoic in age. Throughout the country this older basement is overlain by Palaeozoic sedimentary rocks.
Egypt's geological history has produced four major physical regions: Nile Valley and Nile Delta; Western Desert (from the Nile west to the Libyan border) Eastern Desert (extends from the Nile Valley all the way to the Red Sea coast) Sinai Peninsula; Egypt is the eighth most water stressed country in the world.
Essay and Maps: Groundwater Resources of the Nubian Aquifer System; El Sayed. A Study of Hydrogeological Conditions of the Nubian Sandstone Aguifer in the Area between Abu Simbel & Toschka, Western Desert, Egypt American Geophysical Union 2001; A.C. Seward: Leaves of Dicotyledons from Nubian sandstone of Egypt, Geological Survey, 1935.
The depression is part of the Western Desert of Egypt. The Qattara Depression lies below sea level, and its bottom is covered with salt pans , sand dunes , and salt marshes . The depression extends between the latitudes of 28°35' and 30°25' north and the longitudes of 26°20' and 29°02' east.
It is located underground in the Eastern end of the Sahara desert and spans the political boundaries of four countries in north-eastern Africa. [1] NSAS covers a land area spanning just over two million km 2 , including north-western Sudan , north-eastern Chad , south-eastern Libya , and most of Egypt .
In Ancient Egypt, the oasis had two names.The name 'ḏsḏs' is first mentioned on a scarab dating back to the Middle Kingdom.In the New Kingdom, this name is rarely found, although it does appear for example in the Temple of Luxor and in the account of King Kamose, who occupied the oasis during the war against the Hyksos.