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1.1 Defining “Moral Reasoning”. This article takes up moral reasoning as a species of practical reasoning – that is, as a type of reasoning directed towards deciding what to do and, when successful, issuing in an intention (see entry on practical reason).
Reason, in philosophy, the faculty or process of drawing logical inferences. The term “reason” is also used in several other, narrower senses. Reason is in opposition to sensation, perception, feeling, desire, as the faculty (the existence of which is denied by empiricists) by which fundamental.
Kant’s Account of Reason. First published Fri Sep 12, 2008; substantive revision Wed Jan 4, 2023. Kant’s philosophy focuses on the power and limits of reason. Two questions are central. In his theoretical philosophy, Kant asks whether reasoning can give us metaphysical knowledge.
© 2024 Google LLC. Before we dive into the big questions of philosophy, you need to know how to argue properly. We’ll start with an overview of philosophical reasoning and brea...
Arguments are the way we think and reason—when we’re reasoning something out, what we’re doing is forming a series of arguments in our heads; Philosophy is essentially a process of thinking systematically about difficult and interesting questions, and a primary component of philosophy centers on making and evaluating arguments.
Practical reason, by contrast, takes a distinctively normative question as its starting point. It typically asks, of a set of alternatives for action none of which has yet been performed, what one ought to do, or which option is best (or at least sufficiently) supported by reasons.
Learning Objectives. By the end of this section, you will be able to: Identify philosophical methods of inquiry. Explain the role of logical consequences in assessing a philosophical position. Define conceptual analysis, coherence, argument, intuition, and experimental philosophy.
Logical reasoning (or just “logic” for short) is one of the fundamental skills of effective thinking. It works by raising questions like: If this is true, what else must be true? If this is true, what else is probably true? If this isn’t true, what else can’t be true?
Reasoning involves claims or statements—making them and backing them up with reasons, drawing out their consequences. Propositions are the things we claim, state, assert. Propositions are the kinds of things that can be true or false. They are expressed by declarative sentences.
Moral reasoning applies critical analysis to specific events to determine what is right or wrong, and what people ought to do in a particular situation. Both philosophers and psychologists study moral reasoning.