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The term Fourth Estate or fourth power refers to the press and news media in their explicit capacity, beyond the reporting of news, of wielding influence in politics. [1] The derivation of the term arises from the traditional European concept of the three estates of the realm: the clergy, the nobility, and the commoners.
the first estate of prelates (bishops and abbots) the second estate of lairds (dukes, earls, parliamentary peers (after 1437) and lay tenants-in-chief) the third estate of burgh commissioners (representatives chosen by the royal burghs) The First Estate was overthrown during the Glorious Revolution and the accession of William III. [17]
The meeting at Arboga in 1435 is usually considered to be the first Riksdag, but there is no indication that the fourth estate, the farmers, were represented there. [citation needed] The actual first meeting is likely the one that took place at Uppsala in 1436 after the death of the rebel leader Engelbrekt.
The Estates, also known as the States (French: États, German: Landstände, Dutch: Staten, Hungarian: Rendek), was the assembly of the representatives of the estates of the realm, the divisions of society in feudal times, called together for purposes of deliberation, legislation or taxation.
Pages in category "Fourth Estate books" The following 78 pages are in this category, out of 78 total. This list may not reflect recent changes. 0–9.
Juan Martínez de Medrano y Aibar (Basque: Ganix, Spanish: Juan, French: Jean; 13th century – December 1337–May 1338), nicknamed the Elder, was the regent of the Kingdom of Navarre from 13 March 1328 until 27 February 1329, a judge of the Navarrese Cortés, Baron and Lord of Arroniz, Sartaguda, Viana, Fontellas, Monteagudo, and Villatuerta, ricohombre of Navarre, a significant ...
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Thomas Lister, 3rd Baron Ribblesdale (28 April 1828 – 25 August 1876) was an English Peer of the Realm. [1] Lister was the only son of Thomas Lister, 2nd Baron Ribblesdale and Adelaide, the daughter of Thomas Lister (1772–1828). He was born at Armitage Park, Staffordshire. [2]