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Jayne Maree Godfrey is an Australian business and accounting academic, and is an emeritus professor at the Australian National University, specialising in accounting regulation and sustainability accounting and reporting.
The solution concept authority distribution was formulated by Lloyd Shapley and his student X. Hu in 2003 to measure the authority power of players in a well-contracted organization. [1] The index generates the Shapley-Shubik power index and can be used in ranking, planning and organizational choice.
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Authority in project management is the power that gives a project manager the ability to act in the name of the project sponsor executive or on behalf of the organization. [ 1 ] There are several different types of authority that project managers can leverage: [ 2 ]
The management level responsible must manage within the tolerances provided only as long as they are not forecast to be exceeded. Otherwise they are deemed to be an exception which requires escalating to the management level which delegated them. This way of managing is known as 'management by exception' and is one of the principles of PRINCE2.
Barnard's ideas about authority in Chapter XII have been summarized as a "bottom-up power" theory that fails to acknowledge the reality that it is "sometimes the job of corporate leaders to use power to control, repress, and arrest the actions of their subordinates." [10]: xxiv, 175–177, 273–277
The conventional theory of monopoly power in economic life maintains that the monopolist will attempt to restrict supply in order to maintain price above its competitive level. The social cost of this monopoly power is a decrease in both allocative efficiency and the equity of income distribution.
The managerial grid model or managerial grid theory (1964) is a model, developed by Robert R. Blake and Jane Mouton, of leadership styles. [ 1 ] This model originally identified five different leadership styles based on the concern for people and the concern for production .