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  2. Lewis structure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis_structure

    [1] [2] [3] Introduced by Gilbert N. Lewis in his 1916 article The Atom and the Molecule, a Lewis structure can be drawn for any covalently bonded molecule, as well as coordination compounds. [4] Lewis structures extend the concept of the electron dot diagram by adding lines between atoms to represent shared pairs in a chemical bond.

  3. List of quasiparticles - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_quasiparticles

    Electron quasiparticle: An electron as affected by the other forces and interactions in the solid: electron Electron hole (hole) A lack of electron in a valence band: crystal lattice Exciton: A bound state of an electron and a hole (See also: biexciton) electron, hole Exciton-polariton: A bound state of an exciton and a photon. photon, exciton ...

  4. Linnett double-quartet theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linnett_Double-Quartet_Theory

    (a) The LDQ structure of the B 2 H 6 molecule. The nuclei are as indicated and the single electrons are denoted by dots. The thick lines denote coincident electron pairs. (b) The traditional valence bond theory structure for the B 2 H 6 molecule. The thin curved lines stretching across the boron-hydrogen-boron moiety indicate that the two ...

  5. Sulfamic acid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulfamic_acid

    Ball-and-stick model of a sulfamic acid zwitterion as it occurs in the crystal state. [4]The compound is well described by the formula H 3 NSO 3, not the tautomer H 2 NSO 2 (OH). The relevant bond distances are 1.44 Å for the S=O and 1.77 Å for the S–N.

  6. Glossary of chemical formulae - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_chemical_formulae

    C 4 H 7 NO 2: 1-Aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid: 22059-21-8 C 4 H 7 NO 3: aceturic acid: C 4 H 7 NO 4: aspartic acid Asp: 56-84-8 C 4 H 8: cyclobutane: 287-23-0 C 4 H 8 N 2 O 3: asparagine Asn: 70-47-3 C 4 H 8 O: tetrahydrofuran THF: 109-99-9 C 4 H 8 O 2: ethyl acetate: C 4 H 8 O 3: gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid: 591-81-1 C 4 H 9 ClHg n ...

  7. Solvated electron - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solvated_electron

    Solvated electrons are involved in the reaction of alkali metals with water, even though the solvated electron has only a fleeting existence. [10] Below pH = 9.6 the hydrated electron reacts with the hydronium ion giving atomic hydrogen, which in turn can react with the hydrated electron giving hydroxide ion and usual molecular hydrogen H 2. [11]

  8. Tetrasulfur tetranitride - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetrasulfur_tetranitride

    It binds to strong Lewis acids, such as SbCl 5 and SO 3, or H[BF 4]: S 4 N 4 + SbCl 5 → S 4 N 4 ·SbCl 5 S 4 N 4 + SO 3 → S 4 N 4 ·SO 3 S 4 N 4 + H[BF 4] → [S 4 N 4 H] + [BF 4] −. The cage is distorted in these adducts. [1] S 4 N 4 reacts with metal complexes, but the bonding situation may be quite complex. The cage remains intact in ...

  9. Bohr–Sommerfeld model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bohr–Sommerfeld_model

    Orbitals of the Radium. (End plates to [1]) 5 electrons with the same principal and auxiliary quantum numbers, orbiting in sync. ([2] page 364) The Sommerfeld extensions of the 1913 solar system Bohr model of the hydrogen atom showing the addition of elliptical orbits to explain spectral fine structure.