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Pope Gregory X (Latin: Gregorius X; c. 1210 – 10 January 1276), born Teobaldo Visconti, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 1 September 1271 to his death and was a member of the Secular Franciscan Order.
Apart from the lack of any documentary proof attesting the promotion of these individuals (in the case of Visconti even of his existence), the contemporary chronicler Salimbene explicitly says that the consistory of 1273 was the only single promotion of new cardinals in the pontificate of Gregory X, and mentions only five cardinals promoted at that time.
The September 1276 papal election is the only papal election to be the third election held in the same year; after Pope Gregory X died, two successors died that year, requiring yet another election. The election was also the first non-conclave, since the establishment of the papal conclave after the papal election, 1268–1271 .
Pope Gregory XV (Latin: Gregorius XV; Italian: Gregorio XV; 9 January 1554 – 8 July 1623), born Alessandro Ludovisi, was the head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 9 February 1621 until his death in 1623.
He encouraged missionary activity abroad and condemned the slave trade, which at the time of his pontificate was increasingly suppressed. He is the most recent pope to take the pontifical name "Gregory", the last to govern the Papal States for the whole duration of his pontificate, and the most recent not to have been a bishop when elected.
Gregory IX distrusted the emperor, since Rainald, the imperial Governor of Spoleto, had invaded the Pontifical States during the emperor's absence. [1] In June 1229, Frederick II returned from the Holy Land, routed the papal army which Gregory IX had sent to invade Sicily, and made new overtures of peace to the pope.
The UK Health Security Agency says cases of bird-to-human transmission were rare. ... David Gregory-Kumar - Correspondent for science, environment & rural affairs. January 27, 2025 at 11:32 AM ...
Gregory VII: About Church's independence from imperial authority and interference. 1079 Antiqua sanctorum patrum ("The old (traces of the) holy fathers") Granted the church of Lyon primacy over the churches of Gaul. 1095 (March 16) Cum universis sancte: Urban II: The king or queen of Aragon could not be excommunicated without an express order ...