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Diversion colitis is an inflammation of the colon which can occur as a complication of ileostomy or colostomy, where symptoms may occur between one month and three years following surgery. [1] It also occurs frequently in a neovagina created by colovaginoplasty , with varying delay after the original procedure. [ 2 ]
It is characterized by a very dilated colon , accompanied by abdominal distension , and sometimes fever, abdominal pain, or shock. Toxic megacolon is usually a complication of inflammatory bowel disease , such as ulcerative colitis and, more rarely, Crohn's disease , and of some infections of the colon, including Clostridioides difficile ...
Those with severe ischemia who develop complications such as sepsis, intestinal gangrene, or bowel perforation may require more aggressive interventions such as surgery and intensive care. Most patients make a full recovery; occasionally, after severe ischemia, patients may develop long-term complications such as a stricture [7] or chronic ...
The risk of complications, such as peritonitis or perforation, is greater during the first episode of diverticulitis, and the risk reduces with each recurrence. People who are immunocompromised have a 5-fold increased risk of recurrence with complications, such as bowel perforation, compared to immunocompetent people. [54]
Abdominal pain, tenderness [2] Complications: Sepsis, abscess [2] Usual onset: Sudden or more gradual [2] Causes: Trauma, following colonoscopy, bowel obstruction, colon cancer, diverticulitis, stomach ulcers, ischemic bowel, C. difficile infection [2] Diagnostic method: CT scan, plain X-ray [2] Treatment: Emergency surgery in the form of an ...
The first type of surgery is to bypass the affected segments of the bowel. The second type is a more extensive surgery called hemicolectomy , where a large portion of the bowel is removed. [ 2 ] The third type is stricturoplasty which is done for relieving the luminal obstruction caused due to intestinal tuberculosis. [ 10 ]
Any abdominal surgery may result in an incisional hernia where the abdomen was accessed. Hernias develop when the fascia of the abdominal cavity separates after the surgical closure. This may be due to suture failure, poor wound healing. Other risk factors include obesity and smoking. [22]
Radiation colitis occurs after irradiation and often affects the rectum or sigmoid colon, similar to ulcerative colitis. Upon histology radiation colitis may indicate eosinophilic infiltrates, abnormal epithelial cells, or fibrosis. Diversion colitis, on the other hand, occurs after portions of bowel loops have been removed.